Osmanlıdan günümüze Diyarbakırlı kadın şahsiyetler
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Yayıncı
Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Toplum hayatında kadının konumu yaşanan her değişim ve dönüşümü de bünyesinde barındırarak daima konuşulan bir mesele olmuştur. Aynı coğrafyada olsa dahi gelenek, görenek, din, dil ve kültür gibi unsurları farklı olan toplumlar, kadının statüsünü şekillendirmekte geleneksel bir etkiye sahip olmuşlardır. Söz konusu bu etkinin tesiriyle de kadın bulunduğu sosyal katmanlarda çeşitli roller üstlenmiştir. Hiç şüphesiz ki Osmanlı döneminde de kadın, toplum içerisinde sosyal, kültürel, siyasal ve dinsel faktörlerin etkisiyle yüzyıllar boyunca farklı statülere sahip olmuş ve kadının bu statükosu değişen her koşulda kadının konumu hakkında fikirlerin beyan edilmesine ivme kazandırmıştır. Batılılaşma hareketi ile her alanda yaşanan farklılaşma ve bunun neticesinde dönüşüm yaşayan kadın, sosyo-kültürel hayatta daha aktif rol almaya başlamıştır. Gerek Osmanlı dönemi gerekse günümüzde kadının toplumsal yaşamında meydana gelen değişimi ile kültürel ve sanatsal anlamda ortaya koyduğu değerleri doğru orantılı bir gerçektir. Kadınların kültür-sanat ve eğitim hayatında etkin olmalarında şehirlerinde rolü büyüktür. Osmanlı modernleşmesinin şehirle ilintili olarak kadının sosyal hayattaki konumunu Diyarbakır özelinde incelediğimiz tezin birinci bölümünde, Osmanlı'dan günümüze eğitim başta olmak üzere sosyal, iktisadi, siyasi ve hukuki alanlarda kadının tarihsel seyri incelenerek, kadın meselesine genel hatlarıyla değinilmiştir. Tezin ikinci ve üçüncü bölümlerinde ise Osmanlı coğrafyasının sayılı merkezleri arasına girmeyi başarmış ilim ve irfan şehri Diyarbakır'ın, Osmanlı'dan bugüne değin, kültürel ve sanatsal hayata katkıda bulunmuş aydın ve entelektüel kadınları incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın neticesinde, Osmanlı döneminde kadının sınırlı çerçevede de olsa ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel, siyasi ve hukuki alanda var olduğu görülmüş fakat kadın hayatı araştırmaları erkeklerde olduğu kadar önemsenmeyip ihmal edilmiştir. Osmanlı'nın batılılaşması ile beraber kadın kimliğinin yeniden tanımlanmasının, modernleşme sürecinin bir parçası olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmış ve bu yeni süreçte kadının konumu yeniden şekillenerek bulunduğu alanlar genişlemiştir.
The position of woman in social life has always been an issue that has been widely discussed, in connection with every change and transformation experienced. Even though they are in the same geography, societies with different customs, traditions, religions, languages and cultures have had a traditional effect on shaping the status of woman. This traditional effect has led women to assume various roles in the social strata. Undoubtedly, in the Ottoman period, women had different statuses in society with the influence of social, cultural, political and religious factors. These different statuses of women have accelerated the expression of ideas about the position of women with every changing condition. With the westernization movement, a differentiation experienced in every field and it led to a transformation which entailed women to take a more active role in socio-cultural life. Both recently and in the Ottoman period, the changes that took place in the social life of women are directly proportional to the values that women revealed in cultural and artistic terms. Cities also have a great role in women's being active in culture, arts and education. In this thesis, Ottoman modernization and the social position of women in relation to the city were examined. The subject has been examined in particular for the city of Diyarbakir. In the first part of the thesis, the historical course of women - starting from Ottoman period to the present time - in social, economic, political and legal fields, especially in education, has been examined and the issue of women has been mentioned in general terms. In the second and third parts of the thesis, intellectual women who contributed to the cultural and artistic field in Diyarbakır examined. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were reached: During the Ottoman period, women have been present in the economic, social, cultural, political and legal fields, albeit in a limited framework, but biographical studies for women have not been given as much attention as biographical studies for men. Additionally, it was concluded that the redefinition of women's identity with the westernization of the Ottoman Empire was a part of the modernization process and in this new process, the position of women was reshaped and the areas in which women were present expanded.
The position of woman in social life has always been an issue that has been widely discussed, in connection with every change and transformation experienced. Even though they are in the same geography, societies with different customs, traditions, religions, languages and cultures have had a traditional effect on shaping the status of woman. This traditional effect has led women to assume various roles in the social strata. Undoubtedly, in the Ottoman period, women had different statuses in society with the influence of social, cultural, political and religious factors. These different statuses of women have accelerated the expression of ideas about the position of women with every changing condition. With the westernization movement, a differentiation experienced in every field and it led to a transformation which entailed women to take a more active role in socio-cultural life. Both recently and in the Ottoman period, the changes that took place in the social life of women are directly proportional to the values that women revealed in cultural and artistic terms. Cities also have a great role in women's being active in culture, arts and education. In this thesis, Ottoman modernization and the social position of women in relation to the city were examined. The subject has been examined in particular for the city of Diyarbakir. In the first part of the thesis, the historical course of women - starting from Ottoman period to the present time - in social, economic, political and legal fields, especially in education, has been examined and the issue of women has been mentioned in general terms. In the second and third parts of the thesis, intellectual women who contributed to the cultural and artistic field in Diyarbakır examined. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were reached: During the Ottoman period, women have been present in the economic, social, cultural, political and legal fields, albeit in a limited framework, but biographical studies for women have not been given as much attention as biographical studies for men. Additionally, it was concluded that the redefinition of women's identity with the westernization of the Ottoman Empire was a part of the modernization process and in this new process, the position of women was reshaped and the areas in which women were present expanded.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History, Diyarbakır, Diyarbakır, Kadınlar, Women, Modernleşme, Modernization, Osmanlılar, Ottomans
