TÜRK/MOĞOL DEVLET VE TOPLUM TÖRESİNDE LEVİRAT EVLİLİKLER VE UYGULAMA ESASLARI
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Genel Türk Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarihte bozkır karakterli halkların gelenek ve yaşam biçimleri diğer topluluklara kıyasla değişime daha dirençli bir yapı arz etmiştir. Bu halklar yaşam tarzları, kültürleri ve geleneklerini töre/yasa adı altında bir sözlü anayasa gibi uzun süre muhafaza etmişlerdir. Bu yaşam tarzından beslenen Türk/Moğol uluslarında evlenme pratikleri de aynı şekilde yaşatılmıştır. Bu çerçevede, sıra dışı bir uygulama olarak levirat evlilikler katı gelenekçi bir anlayışla sürdürülmüş, fetihçi bir anlayışa sahip olan bu uluslar eliyle farklı coğrafyalara taşınmıştır. Hem devlet hem halk nezdinde gerçekleşen bu evlilikler, ölen erkeğin ardından onun yakın akrabalarından birinin (kardeş, evlat, yeğen vs.) dul kalan eşle evlenmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Uygulama mantığı açısından değerlendirildiğinde bu tip evliliklerin, ailenin ve mirasın bölünmemesi, dul kalan kadının ve yetim kalan çocukların sahipsizlik ve çaresizlik duygusunu yaşamamaları gibi duygusal durumlar dışında siyaseten güç devşirme, meşruiyet kazanma gibi amaçlarla da gerçekleştirildiği söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada farklı zamanlarda, farklı coğrafyalarda hüküm sürmüş olan bozkır karakterli Türk/Moğol ulusları arasındaki levirat evlilik örnekleri anlatılacak, bu örnekler üzerinden geleneğin mantığı ve temel esasları tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Traditions and life-styles among the steppe characteristic peoples have been more resistant to change compared to other communities in history. These peoples have preserved their life-styles, cultures and traditions as a verbal constitution for a long time. Marriage practices in the Turkish/Mongolian nations fed by this tradition were also kept alive. In this context as an extraordinary marriage practice, levirate marriages were also maintained with a strict traditionalist understanding. As an extraordinary practice, levirate marriages were also continued with a strictly traditional approach and moved to different geographies by these nations, which have a conquering mentality. These marriages, which are realized among both by the state and the peoples, are based on the marriage of one of his close relatives (brother, son, niece etc.) with the widowed women after the deceased man. When evaluated in terms of logic, it can be said that such marriages are carried out for purposes such as gaining political power and gaining legitimacy, apart from emotional situations such as not splitting the family and inheritance, not experiencing the feeling of ownership and helplessness of widowed women and orphaned children. In this study, examples of levirate marriage practices between the steppe Turkish/Mongolian nations that ruled in different geographies at different times will be explained and through these examples, the logic and basic principles of the tradition will be tried to be determined
Traditions and life-styles among the steppe characteristic peoples have been more resistant to change compared to other communities in history. These peoples have preserved their life-styles, cultures and traditions as a verbal constitution for a long time. Marriage practices in the Turkish/Mongolian nations fed by this tradition were also kept alive. In this context as an extraordinary marriage practice, levirate marriages were also maintained with a strict traditionalist understanding. As an extraordinary practice, levirate marriages were also continued with a strictly traditional approach and moved to different geographies by these nations, which have a conquering mentality. These marriages, which are realized among both by the state and the peoples, are based on the marriage of one of his close relatives (brother, son, niece etc.) with the widowed women after the deceased man. When evaluated in terms of logic, it can be said that such marriages are carried out for purposes such as gaining political power and gaining legitimacy, apart from emotional situations such as not splitting the family and inheritance, not experiencing the feeling of ownership and helplessness of widowed women and orphaned children. In this study, examples of levirate marriage practices between the steppe Turkish/Mongolian nations that ruled in different geographies at different times will be explained and through these examples, the logic and basic principles of the tradition will be tried to be determined
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Leviratus, Evlilik, Türkler, Moğollar, Selçuklular, İlhanlılar, Levirate, Marriage, Turks, Mongols, Saldjukids, Ilkhanids
Kaynak
Genel Türk Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
4
Sayı
7
Künye
KÜTÜK, A. TÜRK/MOĞOL DEVLET VE TOPLUM TÖRESİNDE LEVİRAT EVLİLİKLER VE UYGULAMA ESASLARI. Genel Türk Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(7), 43-56.
