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    DROUGHT TOLERANCE INDICES OF SELECTED LANDRACES AND BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) GENOTYPES DERIVED FROM SYNTHETIC WHEATS
    (CORVINUS UNIV BUDAPEST, 2016) Aktas, H.
    The present study was performed to determine performance of selected four synthetic derived bread wheat genotypes, four bread wheat landraces and four modern wheat genotypes under rain-fed and supplemented irrigation experiments based on randomized complete block design with four replications at GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center, Diyarbakir, Turkey in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. According to results of pairwise correlation and biplot analysis, significant and positive correlation was observed between grain yield in stress condition (Ys) and stress tolerant index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), harmonic productivity (HM), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI), drought resistance index (DI) and stress non-stress production index (SNPI) indicating these indices can be used as parameters for evaluating drought tolerant genotypes. Negative correlation between grain yield in stress (Ys) with SSI and no correlation with TOL indicated that these indices should be used in severe drought conditions for screening genotypes. Number seed in spike (NSS), plant height (PH) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) correlated with grain yield in stress conditions (Ys) according to biplot analysis, also genotypes with lower reduction relating to these traits had higher yield in stress conditions. According to results SEN-DER genotypes G7, G10, landrace group genotype G11 (Sorik) were determined as the most tolerant genotypes to be used to improve drought tolerant varieties, while modern wheat genotypes G4 (Ceyhan-99) and G2 (Tekin) were high productive in irrigation conditions and low productive in rain-fed conditions.
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    EVALUATION OF BREAD AND EINKORN WHEAT UNDER IN VITRO DROUGHT STRESS
    (PAKISTAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS FORUM, 2017) Aslan, D.; Aktas, H.; Ordu, B.; Zencirci, N.
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the resistance of bread and einkorn wheat genotypes under in vitro conditions against drought stress during germination. Twelve bread and ten einkorn wheat genotypes were used as plant material and seven drought stress levels were applied based on a three-replicate factorial restricted randomized block design in order to investigate their effects on germination rate (GR), germinating power (GP), coleoptile length (CL), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot root length ratio (SRLR), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), and root fresh dry weight ratio (RFDWR) during the year 2014-2015. PEG - 6000 was used to evaluate the effect of drought stress under in vitro conditions on the wheat genotypes. The values of all traits were decreased by the increased effect of PEG levels (p = 0.05). The results of the variance analysis showed that the genotypes had significant statistical differences for the examined traits under drought stress (p < 0.05). According to the results of the GGE biplot analysis, of the total variation between the genotypes and traits investigated under drought stress (75.97%), PC1and PC2 represented 51.51% and 24.47%, respectively. In addition, einkorn wheat populations were located in the sector of GR, GP, and SRL, which means that these populations had a greater performance for these traits under drought stress conditions. Bread wheat and einkorn genotypes behaved differently for the traits under drought stress. It is considered that the results of the field and in vivo experiments for cold and drought stress will contribute to producing reliable suggestions.
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    INVESTIGATION OF GENOTYPES BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION USING GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS IN BARLEY
    (SCIBULCOM LTD, 2016) Kendal, E.; Aktas, H.
    The aim of this study was to examine the effects of genotype x environment interaction (GET) on grain yield, components, and quality characteristics using genotype. main effect (G) and genotype x environment interaction by GGE biplot analysis. We observed significant differences among genotypes in grain yield, yield components, and quality traits; the relationships between yield components were used to identify three groups. The GGE biplot indicated that E4 (Diyarbakir 2009/10), E5 (Hani 2010/11) and E6 (Diyarbakir 2010/11) were ideal environments for all traits, and E4 was a highly efficient model for grain yield. The biplot analysis showed that genotype 1 (G1) was the best genotype in terms of yield and other components, and G11 was efficient for quality parameters only; thus, these two genotypes can be recommended to release in barley breeding program. Consequently, the study showed that biplot analyses is a good analysis method and will be used to make specific selection for multi-factorial studies and specific conditions.
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    TRACING HIGHLY ADAPTED STABLE YIELDING BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR GREATLY VARIABLE SOUTH-EASTERN TURKEY
    (CORVINUS UNIV BUDAPEST, 2016) Aktas, H.
    Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely adapted and cultivated cereal grain in the world. In 2013 cropping season, wheat was harvested on 1.3, 7.8, and 214 million ha in south-eastern Turkey, Turkey and World, respectively. Breeding programs in the Turkey have achieved tremendous gains in grain yield over past two decades. However, yield fluctuated over the years due to change in environmental conditions and genotype by environment interactions. Therefore, this study was conducted with overall objectives to identify high yielding and stable candidate genotypes for release in southeastern Turkey. A total of 25 genotypes with 20 advanced experimental lines and five check cultivars were planted at 10 locations in south-eastern Turkey in 2010-11 cropping season. Grain yield stability was determined using Eberhart and Russel, AMMI and GGE-biplot methods. Based on these results G1, G12, G13 and G19 were identified as the potential candidate genotypes for release. GGE-biplot classified south-eastern Turkey into two mega-environments. AMMI and GGE biplot explained 86.49% and 86.43% of the total variation for grain yield, respectively. These result suggested that all three methods were equally efficient in determining the stability of the genotype. However, the GGE biplot methodology is more preferred than AMMI and Eberhart and Russel because it facilitates clearly visualize which-won-where pattern and the discriminating ability of environments.