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Öğe Aflatoxin M-1 in human breast milk in southeastern Turkey(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2017) Altun, Serap Kilic; Gurbuz, Semra; Ayag, EminThis study was performed to determine aflatoxin M-1 (AFM(1)) in human breast milk samples collected in AanlA +/- urfa, located in Southeastern region of Turkey, and to investigate a possible correlation between AFM(1) occurrence (frequency and levels) and sampling seasons. Human breast milk samples collected in December 2014 and in June 2015 from a total of 74 nursing women, both outpatient and inpatient volunteers in hospitals located in AanlA +/- urfa, Turkey, were analyzed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of AFM(1). AFM(1) was detected in 66 (89.2%) out of 74 samples at an average concentration of 19.0 +/- 13.0 ng/l (min.-max., 9.6-80 ng/l). There was a statistically significant difference between December and June concerning AFM(1) levels (p < 0.05). Further detailed studies will be needed to determine the main sources of aflatoxins in food, to establish protection strategies against maternal and infant exposure to these mycotoxins.Öğe An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Brucella Specific Antibody and Real-Time PCR for Detecting Brucella Spp. in Milk and Cheese in Sanliurfa, Turkey(UNIV AGRICULTURE, FAC VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2017) Altun, Serap Kilic; Yigin, Akin; Gurbilek, Sevil Erdenlig; Gurbuz, Semra; Demirci, Mehmet; Keskin, Oktay; Tel, Osman YasarThe objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-Brucella antibody and Brucella spp. DNA in cow, sheep and goat milk and in Urfa cheese collected from markets and bazaars in Sanliurfa, located in southeast of Turkey. A total of 258 samples consisting of 178 raw milk (48 cow milk, 65 sheep milk and 65 goat milk) samples and 80 Urfa cheese samples were investigated. Anti-Brucella antibody was detected by indirect ELISA (i-ELISA), and the presence of Brucella spp. DNA was screened by real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR). 16.6% of the cow, 6.1% of the goat and 6.1% of the sheep milk and 16.25% of the cheese samples were found as positive for brucella antibodies by i-ELISA. The RT-PCR assay amplified Brucella DNA from 18.75, 7.6 and 6.1% cow, goat and sheep milk samples respectively. Brucella DNA was amplified from 22.5% cheese samples. The 11.2% and 13.9% of the samples were found as positive by i-ELISA and RT-PCR respectively. This study indicates that milk and milk products consumed in Sanliurfa poses a risk to public health in terms of brucellosis. The combining usage of both i-ELISA and RT-PCR methods could lead to more reliable results to detect anti-Brucella antibody and Brucella spp. DNA from milk and cheese samples. (C) 2016 PVJ. All rights reserved