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Öğe Determination of zinc in dried nuts by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS) with citric acid-coated magnetic nanoparticle (CAMNP) based solid phase extraction (SPE)(Taylor and Francis, 2024) Umaz, Kader; Umaz, Adil; Aydın, Işıl; Aydın, FıratThis study reports a sensitive method for trace zinc using slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS) with citric acid-coated magnetic nanoparticle-solid phase extraction (CAMNP-SPE). To increase the efficiency, we univariately optimized the pH, buffer volume, CAMNP mass, eluent concentration and volume, mixing type and time, temperature, and interaction time. The study identified the limits of detection and quantification values for CAMNP-SPE-SQT-FAAS under the specified optimum conditions to be 12.30 and 41.00 μg L−1, respectively. The newly developed method improved the detection power of traditional FAAS by 13.25 times. The findings of this study report a sensitive and accurate method to determine trace zinc in complex matrices.Öğe How do economic growth, trade openness, and non-renewable and renewable energy affect environmental quality in VISTA Countries?(UNIV ISLAM INDONESIA, 2024) Bayar, İlyas; Dabakoğlu, MehmetPurpose - This study examines the effects of economic growth, the use of renewable and non-renewable energy sources, and trade openness on carbon emissions in VISTA countries (Vietnam, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkiye, and Argentina) Method - In this work, empirical methods include the secondgeneration unit root and cointegration tests, as well as Panel AMG and Panel CCE estimators. Findings - The following are the key findings. First, the variables demonstrate a long-run relationship. Second, economic growth and the consumption of non-renewable energy sources contribute to an increase in carbon emissions over time, whereas the consumption of renewable energy sources lowers carbon emissions over time. Implication - To promote sustainable growth in VISTA countries, it is recommended to increase investments in renewable energy sources while enhanching public sector supports for the private sector. Originality - This is the first study to examine how economic growth, trade openness, and renewable and non-renewable energy sources affect carbon emissions in VISTA nations.Öğe Effects of acute carbon monoxide posioning on liver damage and comparisons of related oxygen therapies in a rat model(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Gökdemir, Gül Şahika; Şeker, Uğur; Demirtaş, Berjan; Taşkın, SeyhanAcute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may cause liver damage and liver dysfunction. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of normobaric (NBO) and high flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNCO) treatments on liver injury. For that purpose, twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (Control, CO, CO + NBO, CO + HFNCO). The control group was allowed to breath room air for 30 min. Acute CO poisoning in CO, CO + NBO, CO + HFNCO was induced by CO exposure for 30 min. Thereafter, NBO group received 100% normobaric oxygen with reservoir mask for 30 min. HFNCO group received high-flow oxygen through nasal cannula for 30 min. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed by cardiac puncture under anesthasia. Serum liver function tests were measured. Liver tissue TAS, TOS and OSI levels, tissue histomorphology and immunoexpression levels of Bax, Caspase 3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB were also examined. Our observations indicated that acute CO poisoning caused significant increases in blood COHb, serum AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, albumin, globulin levels but a decrease in albumin to globulin ratio (all, p < 0.05). Furthermore, acute CO poisoning significantly increased the OSI value, and the immunoexpresssion of Bax, Caspase 3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB in liver tissue (all, p < 0.05). These pathological changes in serum and liver tissue were alleviated through both of the treatment methods. In conclussion, both the NBO and HFNCO treatments were beneficial to alleviate the acute CO poisoning associated with liver injury and dysfunction.Öğe The nephroprotective effect of Quercetin in Cyclophosphamide-induced renal toxicity might be associated with MAPK/ERK and NF-κB signal modulation activity(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Şeker, Uğur; Kavak, Deniz Evrim; Dokumacı, Fatma Zehra; Kızıldağ, Sefa; İrtegün Kandemir, SevgiThe present study aimed to examine the protective effect of quercetin (QUE) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced nephrotoxicity. For that purpose, 24 mice were divided into four groups (Control, QUE, CTX, and CTX + QUE). The CTX and CTX + QUE groups received 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide on the 1st and 7th days. The QUE and CTX + QUE groups were treated with 50 mg/kg of quercetin daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, and kidney samples were analyzed. The results indicated that CTX leads to severe morphological degenerations and disruption in renal function. Serum BUN, Creatinine, Uric acid, tissue Bax, Caspase 3, TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels were upregulated in the CTX group compared to Control and QUE groups (p < 0.05). Although MAPK/ERK phosphorylation level is not affected in CTX group, there was a significant increase in CTX + QUE group (p < 0.05), but the NF-κB was significantly suppressed in this group (p < 0.01). The RT-qPCR results showed that the cyt-c and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio mRNA expression folds were upregulated in the CTX group (p < 0.01), which was downregulated in the CTX + QUE group. However, there was a significant difference in the CTX + QUE group compared to the Control and QUE groups (p < 0.01). The findings showed that administering quercetin along with cyclophosphamide alleviated renal injury by regulating apoptotic and inflammatory expression. Moreover, the administration of quercetin and cyclophosphamide could synergistically improve renal function test results, and activate cellular responses, which upmodulate MAPK/ERK phosphorylation and suppression of NF-κB.Öğe Negotiation, Speed, Politics: Use of Digital Technologies in International Mediation(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2024) Ateş Burç, SafiyeThe super -accelerated (high-speed) life experiences and coercive practices of the new world order (Covid and post-Covid periods) have affected and changed the negotiation and conflict resolution skills of international actors. Today, with the pandemic and technological developments, acceleration has become a necessity in many fields. Many international mediators, especially the United Nations (UN), have also benefited greatly from digital technologies that pierce space and time during the most severe times of the Covid-19 pandemic. So, in today's world, where economic, social and technological development continues at high speed, should negotiations and policies keep pace? If so, how should accelerated and virtualised political practices be discussed over conflict resolution? What is the impact of digitalisation on international mediation? This article critically discusses the relationship between digitalisation, speed, politics and conflict resolution through content and discourse analysis of political reports on peacemaking practices of different UN missions, especially during the most traumatic period of the pandemic (March 2020 -March 2021). The study concludes that politics and negotiations need speed barriers because they need time, but they cannot be isolated from the developments and space of the high-speed society, so they need to follow the virtual space at all times and get involved when needed. As the analyses of the missions' reports show, the effective use of digital technologies, especially during the pandemic, has led to a rapid transformation in mediation (from traditional to cyber-mediation) and conflict resolution activities have been able to continue uninterrupted, but the dangers of digitalisation have not disappearedÖğe Effects of ketamine on penile tissues in an experimental priapism model in rats(Ali Cangül, 2024) Kölükçü, Vildan; Gürler Balta, Mehtap; Tapar, Hakan; Karaman, Tuğba; Karaman, Serkan; Ünsal, Velid; Gevrek, Fikret; Yalçın, Kenan; Fırat, FatihBackground: This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological and biochemical effects of ketamine on penile tissues following ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by priapism. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were randomized into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 underwent the priapism model to induce ischemia-reperfusion injury. Group 3, the treatment group, experienced a similar ischemia-reperfusion model as Group 2; additionally, 50 mg/kg of ketamine was administered intraperitoneally just before reperfusion. Blood biochemical analyses and penile histopathological evaluations were performed. Results: In Group 3, significant improvements were observed in all histopathological scores, including desquamation, edema, inflammation, and vasocongestion compared to Group 2 (p<0.001). Blood biochemical analyses showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were recorded as 10 in Group 2, with a significant decrease in Group 3 (p=0.013). Similarly, proinflammatory cytokine levels, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were found to be suppressed in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.003, p=0.022, and p=0.028, respectively). Antioxidant enzyme activities, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were higher in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.016 and p=0.024, respec-tively). Conclusion: Ketamine is an effective anesthetic agent in alleviating the effects of penile ischemia-reperfusion injury.Öğe Bronchiectasis in Türkiye: Data from a Multicenter Registry (Turkish Adult Bronchiectasis Database)(GALENOS PUBL HOUSE, 2024) Çakır Edis, Ebru; Çilli, Aykut; Kızılırmak, Deniz; Şakar Coşkun, Ayşin; Güler, Nurcan; Çiçek, Sedat; Sevinç, Can; Çoban Ağca, Meltem; Gülmez, İnci; Çağlayan, Benan; Kabak, Mehmet; Özgün Niksarlıoğlu, Elif YeldaBackground: Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease characterized by permanent bronchial wall dilatation. Although it has been known as an orphan disease, it has recently gained attention because of registry-based studies and drug research. Aims: We aimed to use a multicenter database to analyze and compare data regarding the etiology, associated comorbidities, microbiological characteristics, and preventive strategies of bronchiectasis in Türkiye to those of other countries. Study Design: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Methods: The multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2019 and January 2022 using the Turkish Adult Bronchiectasis Database, in which 25 centers in Türkiye participated. Patients aged > 18 years who presented with respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea and were diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis using computed tomography were included in the study. Demographic information, etiologies, comorbidities, pulmonary functions, and microbiological, radiological, and clinical data were collected from the patients. Results: Of the 1,035 study participants, 518 (50%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 ± 16.1 years. The underlying etiology was detected in 565 (54.6%) patients. While postinfectious origin was the most common cause of bronchiectasis (39.5%), tuberculosis was identified in 11.3% of the patients. An additional comorbidity was detected in 688 (66.5%) patients. The most common comorbidity was cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis was identified in 19.5% of the patients. The most commonly detected microbiological agent was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.4%). Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were used in 70.1% of the patients, and the frequency of exacerbations in the last year was significantly higher in patients using ICS than in nonusers (p < 0.0001). Age [odds ratio (OR): 1.028; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005-1.051], cachexia (OR: 4.774; 95% CI: 2,054-11,097), high modified medical research council dyspnea scale score (OR: 1,952; 95% CI: 1,459-2,611), presence of chronic renal failure (OR: 4,172; 95% CI: 1,249-13,938) and use of inhaled steroids (OR: 2,587; 95% CI: 1,098-6,098) were significant risk factors for mortality. Mortality rates were higher in patients with COPD than in those with no COPD (21.7-9.1%, p = 0.016). Patients with bronchiectasis and COPD exhibited more frequent exacerbations, exacerbation-related hospitalizations, and hospitalization in the intensive care unit in the previous year than patients without COPD. Conclusion: This is the first multicenter study of bronchiectasis in Türkiye. The study results will provide important data that can guide the development of health policies in Türkiye on issues such as infection control, vaccination, and the unnecessary use of antibiotics and steroids.Öğe The impact of some animal products on agricultural gross domestic product in Türkiye: A time series analysis(REVISTA BRASILEIRA ZOOTECNIA BRAZILIAN JOURNAL ANIMAL SCI, 2024) Acıbuca, VeysiThe relationship between animal products and agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) in Turkiye was investigated in this study. We used data of eight animal products (cow milk, sheep milk, beef, mutton, poultry meat, eggs, wool, and honey) from 1980 to 2020. After checking the stationarity of the series by the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, the Johansen cointegration test was used to establish the existence of a long-term relationship between animal products and AGDP, and the results were interpreted using The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) analysis. According to the findings, honey, beef, poultry meat, mutton, eggs, and wool had a positive and significant relationship with AGDP in Turkiye, whereas sheep milk and cow milk and AGDP was not significant. The total effect of the examined animal products on AGDP was 0.61%. The results showed that wool was the most important contributor to AGDP among the products analyzed. Therefore, it is suggested that policymakers develop funding strategies to expand the production of these products.Öğe Comparison of growth factor levels in injectable platelet-rich fibrin obtained from healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study(Springer, 2024) Karcı, Bilge; Savaş, Hasan BasriBackground: This study aimed to assess and compare the concentrations of growth factors, white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets in injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) derived from people with healthy periodontal conditions and those with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Venous blood samples were obtained from 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis (test group) and 30 participants with healthy periodontal conditions (control group). The i-PRF was then acquired from centrifuged blood. The growth factors (VEGF, IGF-1, TGF-β1, PDGF-BB and EGF) released from the i-PRF samples were compared between groups with ELISA testing. The amounts of WBCs and platelets were also compared. Results: No significant differences in the concentrations of growth factors were found between the groups (the mean values for the control and test groups were, respectively: IGF: 38.82, 42.46; PDGF: 414.25, 466.28; VEGF: 375.69, 412.18; TGF-β1: 21.50, 26.21; EGF: 138.62, 154.82). The test group exhibited a significantly higher WBC count than the control group (8.80 vs. 6.60, respectively). However, the platelet count did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups (control group 242.0 vs. test group 262.50). No significant correlation was observed between WBC count and growth factor level in either group. Conclusions: The growth factor levels in i-PRFs did not exhibit significant difference between the two groups. This suggests that the levels of these growth factors may be unaffected by the periodontal disease.Öğe Community displacement challenges in educational tourism(Routledge, 2024)This study investigates issues relating to community displacement of the indigenous residents of Famagusta resulting in an increased rate of relocation to the suburbs due to the sudden growth of educational tourism; thus, the main objective of the current study is to obtain perspectives of learners on primary motives. An in-depth interview of 28 Cypriots in Famagusta, through purposive sampling was used to gather data for the current research. Findings reveal that the increase in educational tourism in Famagusta caused the indigenous Cypriots to move into suburban neighbourhoods. Factors including urbanization issues, social issues, economic issues, cultural issues, and environmental issues were revealed to be the most challenging issues resulting in community displacement.Öğe Tourism, automation and responsible consumption and production: a horizon 2050 paper(Emerald, 2024) Ivanov, Stanislav; Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Webster, CraigPurpose - By focusing on Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12) and tourism automation, this perspective paper aims to investigate how tourism and automation will work to create a world in which tourism has more sustainable production and consumption patterns. Design/methodology/approach - This perspective paper reviews the past developments of automation in tourism in the context of sustainable production and consumption patterns, the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic and looks at the future of tourism and how automation will help it be more sustainable in terms of consumption and production patterns. Findings - The insights from this analysis suggest that automation technologies will play a major role in both the supply and demand sides of the tourism and hospitality industry, encouraging increased tourism sustainability. While automation technologies will have the greatest impact on the supply side in the near future, as such technologies will be used to minimise waste and energy usage, creating large gains for environmental protection, the technologies will also benefit responsible consumption. Big data and analytical technologies will work in ways to ensure that consumers are nudged into consumer practices that are increasingly sustainable. Originality/value - This perspective paper synthesises the literature on the subjects, namely, automation and SDG 12 in tourism, and points to important new future research agenda. This is one of the first papers in tourism to blend automation and SDG 12 literature to shed light on the use of automation in sustainable consumption and production in tourism.Öğe Pelvic floor muscle strength and dysfunctions in women with pes planus: A case-control study(Elsevier, 2024) Toprak Şelenay, Ceyda; Yardımcı, Fatma Betül; Altay, HafizeBackground/aim: Distal extremity misalignment may give rise to pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs). This study aimed to compare pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS) and dysfunctions in women with and without pes planus. Materials and methods: Women with (pes planus group, n = 30) and without pes planus (control group, n = 30) were included. The presence of PFDs questioned. Pes planus with the Feiss Line Test, PFMS with the Modified Oxford Scale, and the severity of PFDs with the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20), including three subscales (Pelvic Organ Distress Inventory-6 (POPDI-6) for pelvic organ prolapse, Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory-8 (CRADI-8) for colorecto-anal symptoms, and Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) for urinary symptoms, were assessed. Results: It was seen that no difference was found between groups in terms of PFMS (p > 0.05). However, urinary incontinence and anal incontinence were higher in women with pes planus than in women without pes planus (p < 0.05). Only the PFDI-20, CRADI-8, and UDI-6 scores were higher in women with pes planus compared to controls (p < 0.05). There was no difference was found between groups in terms of POPDI-6 scores (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The PFMS did not change according to the presence of pes planus. However, the prevalence of PFDs and their severity were higher in women with pes planus in comparison to controls. Posture assessments of individuals with PFDs, especially examination of foot posture, and pelvic floor assessments of individuals with posture disorders should be considered.Öğe Are Lesson Plans Created by ChatGPT More Effective? An Experimental Study(INT SOC TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION, 2024) Karaman, Muhammet Remzi; Göksu, İdrisIn this research, we aimed to determine whether students' math achievements improved using ChatGPT, one of the chatbot tools, to prepare lesson plans in primary school math courses. The research was conducted with a pretest-posttest control group experimental design. The study comprises 39 third-grade students (experimental group = 24, control group = 15). The implementation process lasted five weeks and 25 lesson hours. In the experimental group, lessons were taught according to plans prepared using ChatGPT, while in the control group, existing lesson plans were used. Students' academic achievement was measured with a multiple-choice achievement test of 25 questions with two separate questions for each learning objective. According to the results, students' academic achievement increased significantly (d = 1.268) in math lessons taught according to lesson plans prepared using the ChatGPT. Although there was a difference between the posttest scores of the experimental group and the control group in favor of the experimental group, it was determined that this difference was not significant. These results show that teaching primary school math according to lesson plans prepared using ChatGPT is effective in academic achievement. Teachers should consider ChatGPT and their plans, combining them and benefiting from both in the implementation process.Öğe Renoprotective effect of diacerein in rats with partial unilateral ureteral obstruction model(WALTER DE GRUYTER, 2024) Kölükçü, Engin; Unsal, Velid; Fırat, Fatih; Gevrek, Fikret; Katar, MuzafferObjectives: We aimed to analyze the effects of diacerein in a rat model of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO). Methods: We randomly divided 24 female rats into three groups. Control group, PUUO group and PUUO + diacerein group. The PUUO group was subjected to the PUUO model for seven days. The PUUO + diacerein group received oral diacerein (80 mg/kg) for seven days. Spectrophotometric methods were employed to measure oxidative stress parameters, including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and antioxidant enzyme levels, including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while indicators of renal function, such as kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinous-associated lipocalin (NGAL), along with inflammatory parameters interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were assessed using the ELISA method. Inflammatory parameters were measured in blood samples, and other parameters were analyzed in kidney tissue. Hematoxylin-eosin method examinations were used for histological analyses. Results: IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels were found to be significantly decreased in the PUUO + diacerein group compared to the PUUO group (p=0.006, p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). In the PUUO + diacerein group, GSH-Px and SOD activities increased compared with the PUUO group (p=0.031 and p=0.037, respectively). We also observed a significant improvement in renal function parameters, such as KIM-1 and NGAL levels in the PUUO + diacerein group compared to PUUO (p=0.002 and p=0.012, respectively). The PC and MDA levels were highest in the PUUO group (p<0.001). Similarly, the histopathologic tissue damage was the most prominent PUUO group (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our study found that diacerein is a highly effective pharmacologic agent in alleviating oxidative damage in PUUO model rats.Öğe Politik Kararlar Almada Dindarlığın Etkisi Nedir? Yetişkinler Üzerine Nicel Bir Araştırma(Anadolu İlahiyat Akademisi, 2024) Dökücü, Doğan Bekir; Ayten, AliSeçimler sırasında bireyin oy vereceği adaya veya partiye karar vermesine karşılık gelen politik karar verme, bilişsel bir süreç sonucunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Seçmenler politik karar verme sürecinde farklı karar verme tarzları kullanmakta ve bireylerin kullandıkları karar verme tarzları bir dizi faktöre bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu faktörlerden birinin bireylere hayat tarzı, düşünme sistemi ve dünyaya bakış açısı sunan din ve dindarlık olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çerçevede makalede kişilerin politik karar verme tarzları ile dindarlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte oy vermeyi dinî bir görev olarak görmenin dindarlık ile politik karar alma tarzları ilişkisindeki düzenleyici rolü de incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, İstanbul’un farklı ilçelerinde ikamet etmekte olan yaşları 25 - 65 yaş arasında değişen 310 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Politik Karar Verme Ölçeği ve Dindarlık Ölçeği veri toplamak için kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Kasım-2021 tarihinde yüzyüze şekilde toplanmıştır. Bulgular politik karar verme tarzları ile dindarlık eğilimleri arasında güçlü ilişkilere işaret etmiştir. Nitekim bireylerin dindarlık eğilimleri arttıkça daha hızlı ve daha kolay politik karar vermeyi sağlayan tarzlara yönelik eğilimlerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Dindarlığı daha yüksek olan bireyler hızlı ve sade, bilişsel kısayol temelli, partizan ve içgörüsel karar verme tarzlarına daha fazla eğilim göstermektedir. Dindarlık ile analitik karar verme tarzı arasındaki ilişkiye yönelik yapılan analizlerde ise bu iki değişken arasında ilişki olduğu ve bilgi-ibadet boyutuna yönelik eğilimin analitik karar verme tarzına yönelik eğilimi artırdığı görülmüştür. Yine bulgulara göre oy vermeyi dinî bir görev olarak görme dindarlık ve analitik karar verme arasında düzenleyici etkiye sahiptir. Daha açık bir ifadeyle oy vermeyi dinî bir görev olarak görmenin dindarlığın analitik karar vermeye olan etkisini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Determination of chemical composition and antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of Rumex acetosella L. plant extract(Springer, 2024) İrtegün Kandemir, Sevgi; Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayşe; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Karadağ, Musa; Eftekhari, Aziz; Alma, Mehmet Hakkı; Zor, Murat; Aliyeva, Immi; Khalilov, RovshanPurpose: The phenolic composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, enzyme inhibition activity, and cytotoxic activity potentials of the plant Rumex acetosella L. (R. acetosella) were examined in this study. Materials and Methods: The chemical composition of R. acetosella methanol extract was identified by the LC–MS/MS method. The antioxidant activity was tested using β-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, CUPRAC reducing power, and metal chelating activity methods. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the MTT assay using human ovarian adenocarcinoma (Skov-3), glioblastoma (U87), human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cell lines. The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts was tested on gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeuriginosa) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) using the in vitro minimum inhibition concentration method (MIC). Enzyme inhibition activity of R. acetosella methanol extract was measured spectrophotometrically against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. Results: The findings showed that the major components of the methanol extract content were luteolin-7-O-glucoside (1.599 m/L), polydatin (91,024 m/L), and shikimic acid (0.773 m/L). It was determined that the extract and standard antioxidant (a-tocopherol) results in DPPH•, and ABTS• + tests performed to determine the antioxidant activity were close to each other, and this value was more effective than the standard antioxidant (α-tocopherol) in the CUPRAC test. These results suggested that the plant’s antioxidant potential was higher when compared with reference antioxidant compounds. It was determined that the methanol extract of R. acetosella had a weaker effect on the growth of the tested microorganisms than the antibiotics used as standard. The activity of the GST and AChE enzymes was found to be severely inhibited by the methanol extract of R. acetosella. Conclusion: Based on these findings, R. acetosella L. is a medicinal and commercially beneficial plant that warrants further investigation.Öğe The quality problems at low irradiance in the grid-connected photovoltaic systems(Springer, 2024) Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, HasanSolar photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most prominent topics that have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. The use of solar energy is increasing rapidly in the world. Although using PV energy has various advantages, it has some disadvantages. Among these disadvantages, power factor (PF) and total harmonic distortion (THD) issues are discussed in this article. When solar PV systems are integrated into the grid, various power quality problems arise. In addition, due to low power quality and high harmonics, power system components overheat and start operating in undesirable regions; causes great damage. The magnitude of PF and THD is dependent on solar irradiation values. In order to determine how the power quality in the grid-connected solar system is affected by changes in solar irradiation (G), results for various irradiation situations are presented and analyzed. In addition, at low irradiance values, the amplitude of harmonic components and reactive power increases, whereas the power factor of the PV system decreases. Low power factor and high amplitude of harmonics cause the efficiency of the solar system to decrease. In this study, PF and THDI values were measured on a particular cloudy day for analysis. An analysis of the solar PV system was conducted using Matlab/simulation program to model the grid-connected PV system. Thus, the analytical expression of the PF and THDI, which are dependent on irradiation, was found with a new method by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program and the curve fitting method. Obtaining the analytical expressions for both solar irradiation (G) and power factor (PF) used the SPSS program and also solar irradiation (G) and total harmonic distortion (THDI) used the MATLAB curve fitting method which contributed to the science comparing to the existing literature. It can be prevented the low power quality by using such these expressions at low solar irradiation cases.Öğe Tracing royal consumption and socio-symbolism through faunal remains: Zooarchaeology of Iron Age–Urartu Ayanis citadel, Eastern Turkiye(Elsevier, 2024) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Işıklı, MehmetDespite having a research history of more than one and a half centuries, zooarchaeological investigations within Urartian archaeology are still very limited. This study marks a significant contribution presenting a comprehensive zooarchaeological dataset of 11,977 animal bones and fragments, primarily unearthed from a royal midden at the Urartian site of Ayanis citadel, Eastern Turkiye. The analysis encompasses species identification, age estimation, sex determination, and the identification of taphonomic and pathological changes. Rigorous measurements were taken to establish a robust zooarchaeological dataset. Logarithmic Size Index (LSI) was calculated to identify the morphological characteristics of Ayanis sheep, goats, and cattle, as well as potential sex-based exploitation of these animals. Contextualizing the results with faunal remains from contemporary Urartian sites including Bastam in Iran, and Karmir-Blur, Aramus and Horom in Armenia, this study presents hitherto overlooked archaeological evidence of animal-based consumption behavior and rituals, and possible animal taboos practiced by the Urartian royals and elites. It also offers new opportunities for comparative analyses and discussions for the biometric status of domestic livestock and animal-human interactions within the broader context of the Iron Age in the Lesser Caucasus and West Asia.Öğe Robots and emotional intelligence: A thematic analysis(Elsevier, 2024) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, StanislavThe research on emotional intelligence in social robots is growing. This paper provides a thematic analysis of the studies on robots and emotional intelligence, synthesising and evaluating current knowledge and research topics. In addition, based on the thematic analysis of the studies, it also provides a conceptual framework explaining the emotional intelligence of robots that includes both actors (human and robot) in a human-robot interaction setting. The findings are based on the analysis of 252 studies published until the end of 2022 and indexed in the Scopus database. The results unveiled two main themes (robot design-technical developments and characteristics and human-robot interaction), including sub-themes and topics that emerged in the literature. Finally, the themes and sub-themes were evaluated through a critical discussion to develop a conceptual framework for robots and emotional intelligence.Öğe Zâhirî Âlimler Nezdinde Halku’l-Kur’an Meselesi(Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2023) Kaya, Hüsamettinİslam düşünce geleneği, tarih boyunca birçok kırılma dönemi yaşamıştır. Bu kırılmalardan biri de mihne sürecidir. Mihne süreci Abbasî Halifesi Me’mun döneminde başlamıştır. Bu sürecin temel argümanı ise iktidarı ve ataları için sorun teşkil etmeyecek basit fakat etkili bir mesele olan Kur’an’ın yaratılmışlığı mevzusu tercih edilmiştir. Halife Me’mun, yaratılmış Kur’an doktrini öğretisinin kendi otoritesini güçlendireceğini ve dogmatik ulemanın bu sayede toplumsal zeminini kaybedeceğini biliyordu. Bu nedenle dönemin önde gelen şahsiyetlerine devlet eliyle Kur’an’ın mahlûk olduğu düşüncesi dikte edilmiştir. Baskılara boyun eğmeyen Ahmed b. Hanbel gibi âlimler sürecin sona ermesiyle halk tarafından kahramanlaştırılmıştır. Bu defa karşıt mihne süreci başlamış ve halku’l-Kur’an’a dair söylemlerde bulunanlartenkit edilmiştir. Hatta daha da ileri gidilerek tekfir edildikleri de görülmüştür. Buna bağlı olarak muhaddislerden birçoğu halku’l-Kur’an meselesine dair görüş beyan etmeyi dahi bid’at olarak telakki etmiştir. Bu durum birbirlerinden haz etmeyen kişi ve kesimler için bir tenkit sahası oluşturmuştur. Bu nedenle bazı kimseler hakkında haksız algılar oluşturulmuş ve asılsız iddialarla toplumdaki otoriteleri hedef alınmıştır. Dolayısıyla İslâm âlimlerinin veya mezheplerinin mevzuya yaklaşımlarını objektif olarak ele almak ve bu bağlamda değerlendirmeye tabi tutmak önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu durumdan olumsuz etkilenen Zâhirî mezhebin kurucusu Dâvûd b. Ali ez-Zâhirî (öl. 270/884) ve diğer Zâhirî âlimlerin halku’l-Kur’an’a ilişkin yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Onlara dair yapılan algının yanı sıra kendilerine nispet edilen söylemlerin doğruluğunun tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle kendilerine nispet edilen görüşler (ı) Kâğıttan ve mürekkepten oluşan elimizdeki Kur’an mahlûk, levh-i mahfuzdaki Kur’an ise mahlûk değildir. (ıı) Kur’an muhdestir. (ııı) Kur’an muhdestir, telaffuzu itibari ile de mahlûktur. (ıv) Kur’an tilavet edildiğinde kulun harfleri çıkarmak için yaptığı hareketler neticesinde oluşan telaffuz mahlûktur şeklinde tasnif edilmiştir. Kendilerine atfedilen bu söylemler Zâhirî âlimlerin eserlerinde bulunan bilgilerle mukayese edilerek tutarlı olup olmadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar neticesinde mihne sürecinin devam ettiği yıllarda Nâşâbur’da bulunan Dâvûd ez-Zâhirî’nin Kur’an’ın yaratılmışlığına dair bazı söylemleri dile getirdiği; ancak mihnenin sona ermesiyle söz konusu söylemlerinden vazgeçtiği kanaati oluşmuştur. Zâhirî âlimlerden İbn Ebî Âsım (öl. 287/900), İbn Niftaveyh (öl. 323/935), İbn Hazm (öl. 456/1064) ve İbnü’l-Kayserânî’nin (öl. 507/1113) ise Kur’an’ın mahlûk olmadığını açık bir şekilde dile getirdikleri ve aksini iddia edenleri de tekfir ettikleri görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra kendilerine atfedilen söylemlerin doğruluğundan veya yanlışlığından bağımsız olarak yapılan algının Zâhirî âlimlerine birçok yönden olumsuz etkilediği de görülmüştür. Söz gelimi bu tür algılara maruz kalan Zâhirî âlimlerin hem halk nezdinde hem de ilim meclislerinde değer kaybetmelerdir.
