Exploiting genetic diversity from landraces in wheat breeding for adaptation to climate change
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Journal of Experimental Botany
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Climate change has generated unpredictability in the timing and amount of rain, as well as extreme heat and cold spells that
have affected grain yields worldwide and threaten food security. Sources of specific adaptation related to drought and heat,
as well as associated breeding of genetic traits, will contribute to maintaining grain yields in dry and warm years. Increased
crop photosynthesis and biomass have been achieved particularly through disease resistance and healthy leaves. Similarly,
sources of drought and heat adaptation through extended photosynthesis and increased biomass would also greatly benefit
crop improvement. Wheat landraces have been cultivated for thousands of years under the most extreme environmental
conditions. They have also been cultivated in lower input farming systems for which adaptation traits, particularly those that
increase the duration of photosynthesis, have been conserved. Landraces are a valuable source of genetic diversity and
specific adaptation to local environmental conditions according to their place of origin. Evidence supports the hypothesis
that landraces can provide sources of increased biomass and thousand kernel weight, both important traits for adaptation
to tolerate drought and heat. Evaluation of wheat landraces stored in gene banks with highly beneficial untapped diversity
and sources of stress adaptation, once characterized, should also be used for wheat improvement. Unified development of
databases and promotion of data sharing among physiologists, pathologists, wheat quality scientists, national programmes,
and breeders will greatly benefit wheat improvement for adaptation to climate change worldwide.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bottleneck, conservation, diversity, drought, durum wheat, heat
Kaynak
Journal of Experimental Botany
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
66
Sayı
12
