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Agronomic and Quality Parameters and Yield Interactions of Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars at Different Sowing Dates
(Dergipark, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is cultivated across numerous nations for its oilseed and flower, as well as its fabric and food coloring properties. In the plain circumstances of Mardin Province (Türkiye), this study was conducted to determine the best date to sow six different safflower cultivars in the vegetation years of 2018 and 2019. Six safflower cultivars (Asol, Balcı, Dinçer, Linas, Olas, and Remzibey-05) were planted in the main plots on four different sowing dates (February 06, February 16, February 26, and March 05), located in the sub-plots. Safflower characteristics, including plant height, first branch height, number of branches, number of heads, head diameter, seed yield, protein ratio, oil ratio, and oil yield, were examined in the study. The first sowing date of the Remzibey-05 cultivar yielded the most seeds (4118 kg ha-1), and the second sowing date of the Remzibey-05 yielded the most oil (1197 kg ha-1). The Asol cultivar exhibited the highest protein content, however, no discernible pattern of increase or decrease was observed with respect to sowing dates. Early sowing enhanced seed production, and as sowing time was delayed, yield significantly decreased (on average by 30%). Further comprehensive research is required to tackle the deficiencies in vegetable and oil materials, not only in this locality but also in areas expressing equivalent weather and ecological features.
Agronomic characteristics and yield values of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars at various sowing dates
(Dergipark, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat; Bulut, Burhan
In this study, ten different sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars registered in Türkiye were investigated for their sowing dates as a second crop in the lowlands of Mardin province, in 2018 and 2019. In this study, ten different sesame cultivars were used; these were Arslanbey, Boydak, Cumhuriyet-99, Hatipoğlu, Muganlı-57, Orhangazi-99, Osmanlı-99, Sarısu, Tan-99, and Tanas. Four different sowing dates (June 5, June 15, June 25, and July 4) were examined for these cultivars. In this study, agricultural parameters such as plant height, number of lateral branches, number of capsules, seed yield, oil ratio, and oil yield of the sesame cultivars were investigated. Different sowing dates were found to have a significant effect on the sesame cultivars. The second sowing date resulted in the highest plant height, number of branches, number of capsules, seed yield, oil content, and oil yield (June 15). In terms of cultivars, the Boydak and Sarısu had the highest seed yield (2184 and 2149 kg ha-1, respectively), the Osmanlı-99 (54.6%) had the highest oil ratio, and the Sarısu and Boydak had the highest oil yield (1075 and 1062 kg ha-1, respectively). The Boydak and Sarısu cultivars are promising for high seed and oil yields in the second crop sowing, and a sowing date of June 15 is advised.
Bazı Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkilerin Köklendirme Özellikleri Üzerine Optimum IBA Dozlarının Saptanması
(Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Bu çalışma; perlit köklendirme ortamında farklı IBA dozlarının (kontrol, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000 ve 5500 ppm) Lavanta, (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kadıntuzluğu (Berberis thunbergii DC) ve biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) bitkilerinin çelikle köklendirilmeleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Mardin Büyükşehir Belediyesi Fidanlığından 2018 yılında anaç bitkilerden alınan çelikler, 11 farklı IBA dozunda maruz bırakılarak perlitte, sera ortamında dikimleri yapılmıştır. Köklendirmeye bırakılan çeliklerde; kök sayısı, kök uzunluğu ve köklenme oranları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada; IBA dozlarının kadıntuzluğu bitkisinde köklenme oranları ve biberiye bitkisinde ise kök uzunlukları üzerine etkisi önemsiz, diğer özellikler üzerine etkileri istatistiksel yönden önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek kök sayısı lavanta bitkisinde 25.10 adet/bitki ile 4500 ppm, yağ gülü bitkisinde 24.86 adet/bitki ile 4000 ppm, kadıntuzluğunda 15.95 adet/bitki ile 3000 ppm ve biberiyede 33.31 adet/bitki ile 5000 ppm IBA dozu uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. Kök uzunluğu değerleri, biberiye hariç olmak üzere, lavantada 24.80 cm ile 4000 ppm, yağ gülünde 23.99 cm ile 3000 ppm ve kadıntuzluğu bitkisinde 13.75 cm ile 4000 ppm IBA dozlarında tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranlarının, kadıntuzluğu bitkisi hariç olmak üzere, lavantada 3500 ve 4000 ppm IBA dozlarında %90.00, yağ gülünde 4500 ppm IBA dozunda %76.67 ve biberiyede 5000 ve 5500 IBA dozlarında %93.33 olduğu saptanmıştır.
Changes of scent components with animal manure and chemical fertilizer applications on Rosa damascena Mill.
(V. Allézard, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
This study was conducted to examine the effect of animal manure and inorganic fertilizers on the scent composition of Rosa damascena Mill. in 2022. Animal manure (AM), nitrogen phosphate (NP 20-20-0), diammonium phosphate (DAP 18-46), monoammonium phosphate (MAP 24-61), and triple superphosphate (TSP) were used as fertilizers, along with a control group. Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was utilized to analyze the volatile components of roses. Major components were heneicosane (15.89–27.76%), citronellol (8.90–18.30%), nonadecene (7.90–13.83%), geraniol (6.14–8.27%), nerol (3.03–6.90%), eicosane (1.13–7.85%), and germacrene-D (2.41–5.45%). The highest percentages of citronellol (18.3%), nerol (6.9%) and total terpenes (55.77%) were obtained by animal fertilization, while the highest percentage of long–chain (aliphatic) hydrocarbon (43.60%) was obtained by NP (20-20) fertilization. The control group had the greatest level of geraniol (8.27%), followed by applications of TSP and animal manure (7.39% and 7.20%, respectively). Methyl eugenol (ME) was most abundantly produced by TSP (0.85%), whereas it was least abundantly produced by the control group (0.13%). The closest ME (0.20%) to the control group was produced by animal manure application. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that animal fertilization used in organic agriculture enhances the quality of plant essential oils.
The characterization of phenolic compounds via LC-ESI-MS/MS, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory activities of Salvia absconditiflora, Salvia sclarea, and Salvia palaestina: A comparative analysis
(ScienceDirect, 2022) Önder, Alev; İzgi, Mehmet Necat; Cinar, Ahsen Sevda; Zengin, Gökhan; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah
Abstract Salvia L. genus, one of the medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is represented by many endemic species in temperate regions worldwide. The Salvia species have plenty of usages in traditional medicine, important pharmacological effects and economic value. In this context, this study was conducted to evaluate the chemical profile and potential bioactivity of ethyl acetate extracts from 3 different Salvia species; Salvia absconditiflora (Salvia cryptantha- an endemic species), S. sclarea and S. palaestina collected from different localities in Anatolia. Total phenolic-flavonoid contents, antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition experiments were investigated in tested Salvia species. The phenolic profiles were also determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds in ethyl acetate extracts such as cynaroside, rosmarinic acid, cosmosiin, luteolin, apigenin and acacetin. The highest level of phenolic components was detected in S. absconditiflora with 74.16 mg GAE/g. The best radical scavenging and reducing abilities were found in S. absconditiflora (DPPH: 251.39 mg TE/g; ABTS: 340.16 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 496.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 322.94 mg TE/g). Moreover, the inhibition of AChE, BChE, and α-amylase has also been studied. The most potent AChE inhibitory ability was recorded in S. sclarea (4.00 mg GALAE/g), followed by S. palaestina (3.38 mg GALAE/g) and S. absconditiflora (3.01 mg GALAE/g). The extracts exhibited similar amylase inhibitory effects. These results reveal that Salvia species [S. absconditiflora (S. cryptantha), S. sclarea and S. palaestina] confirming their potential can be rich sources of promising bioactive compounds as a starting point for further analysis. In addition, it is thought that this study may be the new report for the construction of helpful databases in terms of shedding light on future research and researchers with the valuable information obtained about these economically important Salvia species.
ÇUKUROVA KOŞULLARINDA Hyoscyamus niger' DE (SİYAH BANOTU) FARKLI EKİM VE HASAT ZAMANLARINlN DROG VERİMLERİ VE ALKALOİT ORANLARINA ETKİSİ
(Ç.Ü. ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ YAYINLARI, 1997) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Eylül 1993- Agustos 1994 tarihleri arasinda yürütülen bu denemede ikisi Sonbaharda, üçü Ilkbaharda olmak üzere bes ekim zamaninda (1. Ekim: 21 Kasim 1993, 2. Ekim: LOAralik 1993, 3. Ekim: 8 Nisan 1994,4. Ekim: 22 Nisan 1994, 5. Ekim 26 Mayis 1994) ekilen bitkiler, çiçeklenme öncesi, çiçeklenme sirasi ve çiçeklenme sonrasi olmak üzere üç farkli gelisme zamaninda hasat edilerek drog verimleri ile total alkaloit oran ve verimleri saptanmistir.Bölge için en uygun ekim zamaninin 26 Mayis (Y. Ekim) oldugu belirlenmistir.En yüksek drog verimleri ile total alkaloit oranı ve verimleri genellikle çiçeklenme sirasinda elde edilmiştir
Determinetion of Agronomic and Quality Characteristics of Black Cumin Species (Nigella sativa L. and N. damascena L.) Sowed At Different Times
(4th International Symposium of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Symposium, 2018) İzgi, Mehmet Necat; Telci, İsa
This study aims to determine the proper sowing time for the growers of black cumin, a species of the Nigella sativa and N. damascena species of Nigella genus. The study was carried out under the climatic conditions of Mardin plain during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 vegetation periods. The plants were sowed in four different times: two times in autumn (November 10 and November 25) and two times in spring (March 03 and March 17). Agronomical and quality characteristics of the species sown four different times were investigated in the study. It was found a significant difference between sowing times for all the characteristics examined in the study. In the 2-year average, the seed yield of sativa (3725.8 kg/ha) was found to be higher than that of damascena (2829.0 kg/ha). Higher yields were obtained in both species in autumn sowing. The study determined that damascena, which is more susceptible to cold climate, is not affected by winter sowing in the region and that autumn sowing should be preferred more for both species to obtain higher yields.
Effect of Different Harvest Dates to Essential Oil Components of Oil-Bearing Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) in Mardin
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) İzgi, Mehmet Necat;
Rosa damascena Mill. is the most prominent rose source for the manufacturing of rose oil, rose water, concrete, and absolute from flower petals. The purpose of this study was to see how different harvest dates affected the essential oil components and rates obtained from flowers in oil rose planted for the first time in Turkey's Mardin Province. Blossoms were taken five times with three replications, at around one-week intervals, from a garden in the Yaylabaşı district at 6:00 a.m. (4, 11, 18, 24, and 31 May). Animal manure and leonardite were used instead of chemical fertilizers for plants. No chemical pesticides have been applied. Essential oil components of the oils obtained by a water distillation system (Clevenger apparatus) were determined by GC/MS. The citronellol ratio, which is the most important component for the quality of the essential oil in the plant, was found to be highest (35.90%) in the first harvest period and lowest in the last harvest period (17.57%). Geraniol levels decreased in the first three harvests, with the greatest level (27.16%) coming in the last harvest. The percentages of citronellol/geraniol varied between 1.51 and 0.65 depending on the different harvest dates. Nerol rates peaked at 15.44% on the first harvest, progressively declined until the fourth harvest (7.92%), then slightly increased on the fifth harvest. Nonadecane continuously increased from the first to the last harvest (4.10%-11.66%). No methyl eugenol was detected. Mardin is a promising location for oil-bearing rose cultivation, given the essential oil components and their ratios.
The effect of different phosphorus doses on agronomic and quality characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
(ALÖKI Kft., 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
In a two-year study, under the environmental conditions of the plains of Mardin province in Turkey, the effects of different doses of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 kg ha-1) on the yield and quality characteristics of the coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were examined. Plant characteristics such as plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, thousand seed weight and seed yield were examined, besides quality characteristics such as essential oil rate and composition. The essential oil was isolated with a Clevenger apparatus from mature fruits. Essential oil components were determined with Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that phosphorus doses affect the plant characteristics of coriander including plant height, number of branches, number of umbels and thousand fruit weight with positive significance. Fruit yield was not affected significantly. Phosphorus doses had a significant positive effect on essential oil rate. Increasing phosphorus doses affected rates of α-pinene, geranyl acetate and camphor positively. However, Linalool and γ-terpinene were not affected by phosphorus doses significantly. The application of 120 kg phosphorus per hectare, which had the highest essential oil rate in both years, can be recommended in coriander farming.
Effects of Different Nitrogen Dose Applications on Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.): Some Vegetative Parameters and Oil Ratio
(Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Nigella is a medicinal and spice plant belonging to Ranunculaceae family which is cultivated in many regions of the world and in Turkey. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen level (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) on seed yield, the content and composition of oil in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds in plain conditions in Mardin province. Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) was used as N source. The fatty oil content of the mature plant seeds was determined by NMR and isolated by cold press. As a result of the study, it was determined that increasing nitrogen doses had a parallel effect on the plant characteristics examined. Seed yield is ranged between 103.4 - 133.1 kg da-1 and the highest oil content was 39.5%.
Effects of different nitrogen doses on thymoquinone and fatty acid composition in seed oil of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
(AOCS AND WILEY, 2021) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Black cumin,Nigella sativaL. belonging to Ranunculaceae, is a valuablemedicinal plant because of the curative effects of seed and oil. Despite studieson black cumin, there are few studies on the effects of nitrogen on fatty acidcomposition, no records on thymoquinone yield, and the thymoquinone contentof the seed oil. In this study, the effects of different nitrogen doses on the seedoil yield, thymoquinone ratio/yield, and fatty acid compositions were investi-gated. Field studies with nitrogen doses (0, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg/ha) werestudied using the randomized plot design. As a result of the research, nitrogendoses significantly affected the oil and thymoquinone yields while insignificanton the thymoquinone ratio. The highest oil yield with 501.6 kg/ha was obtainedfrom 80 kg/ha of the nitrogen doses, while the highest thymoquinone yield with10.24 kg/ha was obtained from the control plots. Thymoquinone yields were inthe same statistical group with other nitrogen doses, except for means of100 kg/ha nitrogen doses. Linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids were major fattyacids of black cumin, and their variations were insignificant in nitrogen applica-tions. The values of butyric, capric, and linolenic acids varied significantly in dif-ferent nitrogen doses. As a result of the study, it was determined that thehighest oil yield was obtained from 80 kg/ha nitrogen application. It has beendetermined that nitrogen doses above 60–80 kg/ha should be avoided for theseed oil and thymoquinone yields in black cumin.
EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON CORIANDER (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.): YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
(ALÖKI Kft., 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a spice plant belonging to the Apiaceae family. In this study, the aim was to specify the effects of different nitrogen doses on the yield and quality properties of coriander. In this research; plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, thousand seed weight, seed yield, oil content, fatty acid composition, essential oil rate and essential oil composition were examined. The essential oil contents in coriander fruits was determined by Clevenger apparatus. Fatty oil was isolated by cold press. Essential oil and fatty oil compositions were determined by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS-QP2020) device. While nitrogen doses did not positively affect fruit yield, they had a significantly positive effect on the herbal characteristics of coriander (plant height, number of umbels and thousand fruit weight). It was revealed that nitrogen doses had positive significant effect essential oil rate. Increasing nitrogen doses affected rate of linalool. Nitrogen doses had a significant effect only on butyric acid, and for fatty oil rate and other major fatty acids their effect was not significant. It has been determined that high fruit yields are obtained at 60 and 80 kg ha-1 nitrogen applications and that the rate of essential oil and linalool is the highest at 100 kg ha-1 nitrogen doses especially in the second year.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potency of Seseli L. Species (Apiaceae)
(Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020) Önder, Alev; Çınar, Ahsen Sevde; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; İzgi, Mehmet Necat; Çoban, Tülay
Objectives: In the present study, the antioxidant potency of ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from the aerial parts of Seseli L. species was investigated for the first time. Materials and Methods: Seseli species L. such as Seseli andronakii Woronow ex Schischk., S. campestre Besser, S. corymbosum Boiss. & Heldr., S. gummiferum subsp. gummiferum Pall. ex Sm., S. hartvigii Parolly & Nordt, S. libanotis (L.) W.Koch, S. petraeum M.Bieb., S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol., S. resinosum Freyn & Sint., and S. tortuosum L. growing in Turkey were collected and evaluated for their antioxidant capacity by using 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition methods. Results: The highest activities as a scavenger of DPPH radicals were found in the AcOEt extracts of S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol (IC50=0.49 mg/mL), and S. libanotis (IC50=0.75 mg/mL); α-tocopherol was used as a positive control. On the other hand, in the LPO assay, the highest activities were determined in AcOEt and MeOH extracts (at 5 mg/mL) of S. tortuosum and S. libanotis (84-94%). Conclusion: This report gives important information about the antioxidant capacity of Seseli L. species. This research on antioxidant capacity proves that the use of some species used in Eastern Anatolia (in salads) is correct. With this screening study performed in Seseli L. species growing in Turkey, in the future, it is planned to isolate antioxidant compounds from the most active strains of Seseli L.
Farklı IBA (İndol-3-Bütirik Asit) Dozları ve Köklendirme Ortamlarının Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Köklenmesi Üzerine Etkileri
(Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Bu çalışma; yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kadıntuzluğu (Berberis thunbergii DC.), biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ve lavanta (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) bitkilerine ait çeliklerde, farklı köklendirme ortamları [torf, perlit, torf-perlit (1:1) ve kokopit] ve indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) dozlarının (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 ppm) köklenmeye etkilerini saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çelikler, sera ortamında farklı IBA çözeltilerine maruz tutularak dört farklı ortamda dikimleri yapılmıştır. Yaklaşık 80 gün köklendirmeye bırakılan çeliklerde köklenme oranları, kök uzunlukları ve kök sayıları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, köklendirme ortamları ve farklı dozlardaki IBA uygulamalarının yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta çeliklerinde köklenmeye etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur. Yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta bitkilerinde en yüksek köklenme oranları sırasıyla % 95.00, % 81.67, % 88.33 ve % 82.50; kök sayıları sırasıyla 19.28, 13.44, 26.12 ve 17.38 adet bitki-1 ve kök uzunlukları sırasıyla 18.89, 14.32, 25.58 ve 17.26 cm ile perlit köklendirme ortamında ve 4000-5000 ppm IBA çözeltisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bitki çeliklerinin köklendirme ortamı olarak perlit ortamından, IBA dozu olarak ise adventif köklenmeyi teşvik eden 4000 ppm uygulamasından en iyi sonuçlar alınmıştır.
Farklı Kişniş (Coriandrum sativum L.) Popülasyon ve Çeşitlerinde Sıra Arası Mesafesinin Tarımsal Özellikleri ve Sabit Yağ Oranına Etkisi
(Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, 2017) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Kişniş, taze yaprak ve olgun meyveleri kullanılan önemli bir baharat bitkisidir. Mevcut çalışmada tescilli Arslan ve Erbaa çeşitleri ile Mardin ilinde, özellikle ova şartlarında yaygın olarak ekilen ve halk arasında Suriye kişnişi olarak bilinen yerel popülasyonun iki farklı sıra arası (17-34 cm) mesafesinde ekiminin verim ve toplam sabit yağ oranlarına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma 2015-2016 vejetasyon yılında Mardin ekolojik koşullarında tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Denemede ana parseller sıra arasını, alt parseller ise çeşitleri oluşturmuştur. Olgunlaşma dönemine gelen bitkilerde hasat öncesi bitki boyu, dal sayısı, şemsiye sayısı değerleri belirlenmiştir. Hasat edilen bitkilerin verimleri ile meyve sabit yağ oranları belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonucunda yağ oranları hariç, çeşitler arasında bir fark görülmemiştir. Farklı sıra arası mesafesi ise dal sayısı ile verimi önemli derecede etkilemiş ve 17 cm sıklıkta ekilen bitkilerden daha yüksek meyve verimi (222 kg da-1) alınmıştır.
Field Performance of Some Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Cultivars Sown on Different Dates
(Dergipark, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], with high oil and protein content, is one of the world's main nutritional sources and millions of hectares are given over to its cultivation. Intensive farming and producing multiple crops per year (such as second-crop soybean cultivation), can improve natural resource exploitation and productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of some soybean cultivars on yield and yield components in lowland conditions in the Mardin province over the main-crop and second-crop seasons. This research was carried out in the lowland conditions of Mardin province in Türkiye in 2018 and 2019. The A-3127, Arısoy, Ataem-7, Blaze, Bravo, Cinsoy, Gapsoy-16, Lider, May-5312, Nova, SA-88, and Umut-2002 cultivars were used as plant material in this research. Since the region is suitable for growing double crops per year, soybean field trials were carried out both as a main crop and as a second-cropped. Sowing dates and 12 different soybean cultivars were taken as factors in the research. The first sowing took place on April 16, the second on April 25, the third on June 15, and the fourth on June 30 in both years of the research. Two sowings were the main crop, while the other two were second-crop. According to the results, the A-3127 (3700 kg ha-1) and Gapsoy-16 (3694 kg ha-1) cultivars produced the highest seed yield. The Arısoy (676 kg ha-1), Gapsoy-16 (676 kg ha-1), A-3127 (662 kg ha-1), and Cinsoy (662 kg ha-1) cultivars produced the most oil yield. The study determined that early sowing increases overall yield while late sowing decreases seed yield significantly (on average by 30%). For this region and in areas with similar agricultural environments where double-crop can be grown each year, early cultivars for a second crop may be recommended to reduce the vegetable food and oil deficit.
INTENT-TO-TREAT MEDICINAL PLANTS FOUND IN THE FLORA OF MARDIN PROVINCE OF TURKEY AND NEIGHBORHOOD
(2017) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Usage of plants for medicinal purposes is as old as the history of humanity. In the present study, we evaluated the results of a survey conducted with herbalists and people experienced in herbal mixtures who are located in the city center of Mardin, with the purpose of identifying the medicinal plants growing in the flora of Mardin and neighborhood, and as well as their therapeutic uses. In this study, both the local and Latin names of the examined plants, their indented use, the parts of the plant that is used, and preparation methods were specified. Totally 24 plant types were recorded, and some of these plants were used to treat more than one disease. Accordingly, the studied plants were used to treat a total of 34 diseases, with 29 internal and 5 external use. Most common therapeutic use of the plants included regulation of blood sugar level, cardiovascular system, cholesterol and circulation, respiration, digestion, gastrointestinal disorders, urinary tract disorders, analgesic, burns, and skin diseases. It was determined that most plants were used alone, while some were mixed as mixtures.
Interactive effects of number of plants and nitrogen fertilization on quality parameters of Salvia officinalis L. cultivated in semi-arid environments
(Har Krishan Bhalla and Sons, 2024) İzgi, Mehmet Necat; Karaman, Şengül; Tonçer, Özlem
This research aimed to elucidate the interplay between number of plants and nitrogen dose on the agronomic attributes, as well as the essential oil yield and composition of Salvia officinalis L. (sage) in the challenging ecological conditions of Mardin, situated in South Eastern Anatolia. A split-plot experimental design was employed during 2018-2019, manipulating the variables of number of plants and nitrogen application rates. The experiment identified camphor, 1,8-cineole, α-thujone, and β-thujone as the major components. The PCA analysis unveiled statistically significant inverse correlations between the concentration of camphor and 1,8-cineole, as well as α- and β-thujone. The results demonstrated that the combination of lower plant number with elevated nitrogen levels yielded higher fresh herb dry herb and dry leaf. While lower plant number and higher nitrogen application independently exerted positive influences on essential oil production and yield, the interactive impact of these treatments yielded inconclusive results. Specifically, nitrogen treatments led to an increase in camphor content while reducing α- and β-thujone contents in the essential oil. Conversely, lower plant numbers resulted in decreased camphor content and an increase in thujone content within the oil. In light of these findings, it is recommended that, under semi-arid conditions, optimal yields can be achieved by employing plant number of 50000 plants ha−1 and a nitrogen fertilizer rate of 120 kg ha−1. This research sheds light on the intricate relationship between agronomic factors and the quality of sage cultivation, offering valuable insights into sustainable agricultural practices in semi-arid regions.
TARIMDA ARAŞTIRMA KONULARI VE KONSEPTLERİ
(İKSAD, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Küresel gıda sistemi, büyüyen ve daha varlıklı bir dünya nüfusunun ihtiyaçlarına cevap vermeye devam etmektedir. Hükümet politikaları ve müdahaleleri, gıda ve tarım piyasalarının şekillenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır, ancak politikalar her zaman gelişen hedeflerle uyumlu değildir. Kaynakların tükenmesi ve iklim değişikliği, küresel gıda sistemi için büyük zorluklar oluşturmaktadır, ancak bu zorlukların üstesinden gelinmesine yardımcı olacak politikalar için fırsatlar mevcuttur. Küresel gıda, tarım ve balıkçılık sisteminin önümüzdeki yıllarda nasıl gelişeceği, kimsenin geride kalmamasını sağlamaya yönelik hedeflenen önlemlere bağlı olacaktır. Tarım ürünlerinin artırılması bu daldaki araştırma ve geliştirmenin üretim büyümesini geliştiren en önemli altyapılardan biri olarak kabul edilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Tarımsal üretim yöntemleri, girdiler ve üretim yöntemleri ile ilgili yeni ve gelişmiş bulgular sağlar, dolayısıyla Ar-Ge etkinliği artar ve tarım ürünlerinin veriminin artmasına yardımcı olur ve doğal kaynaklar üzerindeki baskıyı azaltır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin çoğunda çiftçi başına düşen tarım ürünleri, yeni teknoloji uygulamasının etkinliğini göstermektedir, bu nedenle tarım alanında temel Ar-Ge uygulamaları gerçekten önemlidir. Temel kavram olarak tarım, toprağı işleme, ürün yetiştirme ve hayvan yetiştirme sanatı ve bilimidir. Bitkisel ve hayvansal ürünlerin insanların kullanması için hazırlanmasını ve pazarlara dağıtımını içerir. Tarımdaki yeni paradigma ise, "daha az kaynaktan daha fazla verim" elde etmektir. Anahtar konulardan başılacaları tarımsal ticaret; tarım ve çevre; tarımsal piyasa bilgi sistemleri; tarım politikasının izlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi; tarımsal üretkenlik ve yenilik; anti-mikrobiyal direnç ve tarım; biyolojik çeşitlilik ve ekosistemler; iklim değişikliği ve gıda sistemleri; çiftlik düzeyinde analiz; balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği; besin zinciri analizi; gıda güvenliği ve beslenme; küresel değer zincirleri ve tarım; tarımsal üretkenlik; sürdürülebilir tarım ve gıda sistemleri; risk yönetimi ve dayanıklılık; tohumlar, traktörler, ormanlar, meyve ve sebzeler için standartlar; teknoloji ve dijital tarım; su ve tarım sayılabilir. Bu alanlarda yapılacak daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
TÜRKİYE’NİN MARDİN İLİNDE ORGANİK YETİŞTİRİCİLİĞİ YAPILAN YAĞ GÜLÜNÜN (Rosa damascena Mill.) UÇUCU YAĞ BİLEŞENLERİ VE METİL ÖJENOL VARLIĞI
(İKSAD, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
Yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), Rosaceae ailesine ait, kendine özgü bir kokusu olan, çok yıllık aromatik bir bitkidir. Gül yağı, gül suyu, gül konkreti ve gül absolutu dâhil olmak üzere çeşitli ürünler için yetiştirilen en önemli yağ gülü türüdür (Abdel-Hameed et al., 2012; Baser and Arslan, 2014; Baydar et al., 2016; Kovatcheva-Apostolova et al., 2008; Kumar et al., 2009).Dünyada yağ içeren güllerin başlıca üreticileri Türkiye ve Bulgaristan'ın yanı sıra Fas, İran, Mısır, Fransa, Çin ve Hindistan'dır. R. damascena çiçeğinden elde edilen gül yağı, gül oksitleri, linalool, geraniol, sitronellol ve nerol bakımından zengindir (Dobreva et al., 2013; Kumar et al., 2013). Gıda endüstrisinde kullanılan gül suyu, karakteristik aroması ve bileşenlerinin sentetik yöntemlerle yapılamaması nedeniyle dünyadaki en pahalı bitkisel uçucu yağdır. Gül yağının temel uçucu yağ bileşenleri sitronelol ve geranioldür (Baydar and Baydar, 2005; Farooqi and Srikant, 1990; Izgi, 2022). Küresel pazarda gül yağına yönelik artan bir talep olmasına rağmen, üretim durağan olmaya devam ediyor. Bu nedenle R. damascena' nın yetiştirildiği alanın arttırılması ve üretiminde kullanılan teknolojinin geliştirilmesi esastır (Pal, 2013). Gül sektöründe istihdam edilen kişi sayısı, gelir miktarı ve ihracat oranları dikkate alındığında, gül yetiştiriciliği bölge için önemli bir sektördür. 1 dekarlık bir gül bahçesinden yaklaşık 3,5 ton çiçek hasat edilip taze damıtıldığında sadece 1 kilogram gül yağı üretilir. Fakat gül yağı kozmetik, ilaç, parfüm ve gıda sanayinde kullanılan en önemli bir madde olduğu için dünyanın en değerli bitkisel uçucu yağıdır (Baka, 2020). Yoğun ilaçlama uygulamaları sonucunda güllerdeki kimyasal kalıntılar tüm dünyada maalesef büyük bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Organik gül üretiminin gerekliliği ve önemi artmakla birlikte tüketici tercihleri de bu yönde değişmiştir. Göller Bölgesinde organik yağ gülü tarımı 5000 dekar, geleneksel yağ gülü tarımı yapılan toplam alan 17.840 dekar alanda üretim yapılmaktadır. Mardin ilinde ortalama 600 dekar organik gül bahçesi kurulmuştur. Mardin İlindeki üretim Göller Bölgesindeki organik yağ gülü üretimine göre yaklaşık 1/8 oranında olduğu görülmüştür. Mardin’de yağ gülü üretim alanlarının artmasıyla Türkiye’ye gül yağı üretim katkısı olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Dünya piyasalarında organik gül yağına karşı artan talebi karşılayabilmenin en akılcı ve ekonomik yolu yeni ve bakir toprakların tarıma açılmasıyla mümkün olabilir. Mardin İli dağlık kesimleri ve çevresinde yüzyıllardır hiç tarım yapılmamış ve kimyasal kalıntılardan uzak on binlerce hektar bakir yeni alanlar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada Mardin’in Artuklu İlçesine bağlı Yaylabaşı kırsal mahallesinde kurulmuş olan organik bahçelerden alınan çiçeklerin uçucu yağların bileşen analizleri yapılıp sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.

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