Yazar "Hanar, Elif" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 10 / 10
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe The Commercial Glass Containers of Tralleis Antique City: Flagon(2019) Hanar, ElifRemains of the ancient city of Tralleis, which was within the borders of the Caria Region in the ancient period, are located in the Topyatağı area of Aydın province. In the researches, detailed data were obtained on the city's gymnasium complex, residential areas, shops, necropolis and other structures. In the 2nd century AD, we see that different and new forms of vessels were produced using the mould blowing technique, while the vessels with angular lines produced during this period came to the fore with their functionality rather than decorative characteristics. Angular shaped glass vessels (flagon) were preferred for the transportation of traded liquids throughout the Roman Empire as they were more functional due to the ease of packaging in the trade of liquid substances compared to glass vessels with cylindrical bodies. This study aims to introduce and evaluate the flagon pieces unearthed in Tralleis excavations, to share the first scientific data on the subject and to contribute to the regional archaeology. These glass vessels called flagons were evaluated typologically and chronologically in the light of parallel materials with the excavation data. Samples included in the study were unearthed during the excavations carried out in the ancient city of Tralleis, especially in areas with gymnasium and arsenal between 1999 and 2008. These materials, which are seen to have been produced by the blow moulding technique, consist of profiled parts such as the rim parts, the rim and the part where the handle is protected together, the handle parts, the body parts and the base parts. It is concluded that the Tralleis flagon samples, which were handled typologically and chronologically in the light of the excavation data, originated from the 1-4th centuries AD, when the most prosperous periods of the Roman Empire were experienced. Before the flagons which are the main subject of the study are evaluated, information about the short history of glass, the location and history of the ancient city of Tralleis, Tralleis glasses, glass workshops in Tralleis and the origin, function, form development and propagation areas of the vessels produced as flagon will be included.Öğe DEMETER KÜLTÜ IŞIĞINDA ELEUSİS MİSTERLERİ(Pharmakon, 2021) Hanar, ElifThe ground, known as the eternal power source of fertility, is the godmother and mother earth. As the Hellenic belief personified the gods, the ground allowed the emergence of Demeter. From the Olympus gods, the goddess Demeter is the mother earth, the goddess of the cultivated land and fertility, the great goddess bringing the seasons, nourishing the people, and sustaining life. She is a beautiful goddess with blond hair and hazel eyes in Homer’s epics, while, in Hesiod’s poems, she is Kronos and Rheia’s daughter and Zeus’s sister. She is mentioned with her daughter, and they are described as dual goddesses or goddesses. It is possible to encounter the Demeter cult in almost every region where grain farming is carried out in continental Greece. In this cult, the mythology of Persephone’s abduction by Hades forms the goddess’s worship basis. The Demeter mythology, Persephone and Hades represent the natural life cycle, the seasonal cycle and the death of the earth in winter and its rebirth in spring. The mythology of the goddesses, the Demeter cult source and the Eleusinian Mysteries, considered to have emerged from this mythology, was widely practised. The religious ceremonies performed during the formation of Eleusinian Mysteries were secret and completely interconnected. With these mysteries, people approached death and life with different perspectives. That is, it made possible for believers to have a more hopeful mood for the afterlife. This study aims to explain the mythology of Persephone’s abduction by Hades, thought to be the basis of the Demeter cult, the reasons for the creation of the Eleusinian Mysteries emerging from this mythology, the ceremonial content, Demeter and Persephone’s duties in these mysteries, and the reasons for Persephopne’s intermediary role between the earth and the underworld.Öğe Demeter Kültü Işığında Eleusis Mysterleri(Pharmakon, 08.06.2021) Hanar, ElifDoğurganlığın sonsuz güç kaynağı olarak bilinen yer, tanrıların anası ve toprak ana şeklinde tanımlanır. Hellen inanışının tanrıları kişileştirmesi üzerine yer, Demeter gibi toprak ve verimlilik ile yakından ilişkilendirilen kutsal varlıkların ortaya çıkmasına fırsat tanımıştır. Olymposlu tanrılar kuşağından olan tanrıça Demeter, ekili dikili toprağın ve bereketin tanrıçası olduğundan toprak ana, mevsimleri getiren, insanları besleyen, yaşamı devam ettiren ulu tanrıça olarak tasvir edilir. Ölümlüleri besleyen ve toprağı seven bir Olymposlu olarak bilinen Demeter, Homeros’un destanlarında sarı saçlı, ela gözlü güzel bir tanrıça olarak betimlenirken; Hesiodos’un şiirlerinde Kronos ile Rheia’nın kızı ve Zeus’un kız kardeşi olduğundan söz edilmiştir. Demeter mitolojisinde kızı ile beraber anılır ve bu nedenle birçok kaynakta “ikili tanrıçalar” veya “tanrıçalar” şeklinde tanımlanırlar. Demeter kültüne, Kıta Yunanistan’da tahıl tarımının yapıldığı hemen hemen her bölgede rastlamak mümkündür. Bu kültte, Persephone’nin Hades tarafından kaçırılış mitolojisi tanrıçanın tapınımının temellerini oluşturur. Demeter, Persephone ve Hades mitolojisi temelde doğadaki yaşam çemberini, mevsimsel döngü ile toprağın kışın ölüp ilkbaharda yeniden canlanışını temsil eder. Demeter kültünün kaynağını oluşturan tanrıçaların mitolojisi ve bu mitolojinin sonucu olarak ortaya çıktığı kabul edilen Eleusis Misterleri antik çağlarda yaygın bir uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Eleusis Misterleri olarak adlandırılan bu gizli tapınımın oluşum sürecinde yerine getirilen dinsel törenler ise tamamıyla birbiri ile bağlantılıdır. Tanrıçanın insanoğluna sunduğu en büyük hediye olan bu misterlerde, insanlar ölüme ve yaşama farklı bir bakış açısı ile yaklaşmayı denemektedir. Demeter kültü ve bu kültün insanoğluna sunduğu Eleusis Misterleri, bu külte inanan insanların ölümden sonraki yaşam için daha umutlu bir ruh haline sahip olmalarını mümkün kılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Demeter kültünün temeli olduğu düşünülen Persephone’nin Hades tarafından kaçırılış mitolojisi, bu mitolojinin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan Eleusis Misterleri’nin oluşturulma nedenleri, misterlerin törensel içeriği, Demeter ve Persephone’nin bu misterlerde üstlendikleri görevler ve Persephopne’nin yeraltı dünyası ile yeryüzü arasında aracı bir rol üstlenişinin nedenlerini açıklamaktır.Öğe Findings That Shows Glass was Discovered in Mesopotamia(2021) Hanar, ElifThrough excavations in many different countries, the science of archaeology makes important contributions to the determination of the origin, usage patterns and distribution areas of the material remains produced by humans. The origins of the use of glass, which has an important place in our daily life, and the way glass material has traveled, of course, is an important subject worth researching. The aim of this study is to share the first and primary data on the origin of the use of glass as a material. Glass, as you all know, is a liquid material, but it doesn't behave like the fluids we know. Because glass is a fascinating and unique material that cannot be included in either the realm of liquids or the realm of solids. It has fascinated countless people since our ancestors produced the first glass thousands of years ago. Despite all that time, it has not grown old and still continues to fascinate many people. It is defined as a transparent, translucent or opaque, amorphous, artificial material that solidifies without crystallization, formed by melting glass silica, potash or soda, lime and other additives together. Glass, which has become an integral part of contemporary life after the technological and artistic stages recorded in the past thousands of years, is an important material that is completely natural but created with human hands and contribution, symbolizing the success of human beings in benefiting from natural resources with intelligence and creativity. We learn from ancient sources and cuneiform tablets that the first written data to form a basis for the production of glass, which we do not know exactly where, how and when it was produced. Glass-like shiny objects have been used in the Near East since the 5th millennium BC. The earliest records of glass making technology were found in cuneiform tablets found in Mesopotamia, while the earliest tablet containing a formula for glazing was found in Tell-Umar on the Tigris River. In this tablet dating to the 17th century BC, it is recorded that glassmaking was a well-structured tradition. It is known that the first glass was produced in Mesopotamia around the 3rd millennium BC and artificial glass was first used as a layer of glaze covering stone and ceramic beads in Mesopotamia in 3500-3000 BC. In 2500 BC, beads and amulets were made entirely of glass material. It has been observed that after 1500 BC, glass containers were produced in Mesopotamia in Western Asia, during the period of the Kingdom of Mitanni, using the inner mould technique and that the glass containers produced in Mesopotamia spread over a wide area in Iran, Elam, Babylon in Eastern Syria, Palestine on the Mediterranean coast, Cyprus, and in the Middle East and Near East, including Mycenae in Greece. Glass is a versatile material that has been in constant evolution over the centuries. When we examine the chronological development of glass; It is understood that this material has been functionalized in small pieces for many years and has become an indispensable part of daily life today, as it was in the past, and preserves its feature of being a material that is loved and used.Öğe GRE FILLA (AMBAR I) MOUNT GLASS FINDS(2021) Hanar, ElifWithin the scope of the Silvan Project, Silvan, Ergani, Çermik, Ambar, Başlar and Kuruçay dams were built on the branches of the Upper Tigris basin feeding from the north, which is fed by many streams originating from the south-facing slopes of the Southeastern Taurus Mountains and the northern skirts of Karacadağ and Mardin-Midyat Plateau. Three mounds named Ambar Höyük, Gre Fılla (Ambar I) Höyük and Kendale Hecala Höyük are affected from the Ambar Dam, which was built 5 km south of Ambar Village, 6 km west of Kocaköy District. The whole of Gre Fılla (Ambar I) mound, located in the village on the west coast of Ambar Stream, remains in the water retention area. Within the scope of the Ambar Dam Rescue Project, salvage excavations have been planned in Gre Fılla (Ambar I) Mound. The excavations started in this mound are the first archaeological excavations to be carried out in this part of the Upper Tigris basin. A large number of glass vessels have been found during the excavations that started in 2018 and are still ongoing. Almost all of the glass vessels identified were found as a whole. When we consider it on the basis of production technique, it is understood that these containers are produced with free blowing technique and mold blowing technique. Glass vessels unearthed during the Gre Fılla (Ambar I) Mound excavations; Includes sprinkler, bottle and plate forms. It has been observed that these vessels, which are generally produced in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD and called as sprinkler, have a wide rim, a long neck, sometimes an onion body and sometimes a conical body. As can be seen in the early bottles and unguentariums, there is a narrowing on the inside of the neck of these vessels where it meets the body. Samples of these vessels with flat bodies as well as decorated samples were found. In addition to the sprinklers, unguentarium and bottle samples produced by free blowing technique and probably produced in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, and a plate, possibly produced in the 4th century AD, are among the glass vessels. Glass vessels unearthed during the Gre Fılla (Ambar I) Mound excavations show similar characteristics to glass vessels produced between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD.Öğe MARDİN ARTUKLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ HIRBE HELALE NEKROPOL ALANI CAM BULUNTULARI (2010, 2011, 2018 YILI KAZILARI)(2021) Hanar, ElifHırbe Helale nekropol alanı; Mardin-Diyarbakır karayolunun 6. kilometresinin batısında, Mardin ili Artuklu ilçesi sınırlarında, Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi yerleşkesi içerisinde yer almaktadır. III. Derece Arkeolojik sit alanı olarak tescillenmiş olan Hırbe Helale nekropol alanında, 2010, 2011 ve 2018 yıllarında kazı çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmalar, Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Otoparkı’nın kuzeydoğusunda bulunan alanda yürütülmüştür. Yapılan kazı çalışmaları neticesinde tespit edilen buluntular Paleolitik Dönem, Geç Roma Dönemi, Bizans Dönemi ve Artuklu Dönemi gibi birbirinden farklı dönemlere tarihlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın kapsamı; Hırbe Helale nekropol alanı 2010, 2011 ve 2018 yılı kazı çalışmalarında ortaya çıkarılan cam materyeller arasından seçilen ve profil veren kase parçaları, kandil parçaları, kadeh parçaları, karıştırma çubuğu parçaları, oyun taşı ile bileziklerden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile kazılar sırasında açığa çıkarılan cam materyallerin ilk bilimsel verilerine ulaşmak amaçlanmaktadır. Söz konusu materyaller Hırbe Helale nekropol alanının genel stratigrafisi ve yaptığımız kaynak araştırması sonucunda saptanan paralel örnekler ışığında tipolojik ve kronolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kazı verileri ve kaynak araştırması sonucunda tespiti yapılan paralel örnekler bu cam buluntuların Geç Roma ve Bizans dönemlerinden köken aldıklarını açığa çıkarmıştır. Bu nedenle Hırbe Helale nekropol alanında Geç Roma Dönemi ve Bizans Dönemi’ne tarihlenen cam buluntuların ortaya çıkarılması, kentin sosyal yaşamının bir parçası olan cam kap formları hakkında detaylı verilere ulaşmamızı sağlaması açısından önem arz etmektedir.Öğe Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi-Hırbe Helale Nekropolu Cam Buluntuları (2010, 2011, 2018 Yılı Kazıları)(Atatürk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2021) Hanar, ElifHırbe Helale nekropol alanı; MardinDiyarbakır karayolunun 6. kilometresinin batısında,Mardin ili Artuklu ilçesi sınırlarında, MardinArtuklu Üniversitesi yerleşkesi içerisinde yeralmaktadır. III. Derece Arkeolojik sit alanı olaraktescillenmiş olan Hırbe Helale nekropol alanında,2010, 2011 ve 2018 yıllarında kazı çalışmalarıgerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmalar, Mardin ArtukluÜniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Otoparkı’nınkuzeydoğusunda bulunan alanda yürütülmüştür.Yapılan kazı çalışmaları neticesinde tespit edilenbuluntular Paleolitik Dönem, Geç Roma Dönemi,Bizans Dönemi ve Artuklu Dönemi gibibirbirinden farklı dönemlere tarihlendirilmiştir. Buçalışmanın kapsamı; Hırbe Helale nekropol alanı2010, 2011 ve 2018 yılı kazı çalışmalarında ortayaçıkarılan cam materyeller arasından seçilen veprofil veren kase parçaları, kandil parçaları, kadehparçaları, karıştırma çubuğu parçaları, oyun taşı ilebileziklerden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile kazılarsırasında açığa çıkarılan cam materyallerin ilkbilimsel verilerine ulaşmak amaçlanmaktadır. Sözkonusu materyaller Hırbe Helale nekropol alanınıngenel stratigrafisi ve yaptığımız kaynak araştırmasısonucunda saptanan paralel örnekler ışığındatipolojik ve kronolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir.Kazı verileri ve kaynak araştırması sonucundatespiti yapılan paralel örnekler bu cam buluntularınGeç Roma ve Bizans dönemlerinden kökenaldıklarını açığa çıkarmıştır. Bu nedenle HırbeHelale nekropol alanında Geç Roma Dönemi veBizans Dönemi’ne tarihlenen cam buluntularınortaya çıkarılması, kentin sosyal yaşamının birparçası olan cam kap formları hakkında detaylıverilere ulaşmamızı sağlaması açısından önem arzetmektedir.Öğe MOLD-BLOWN GLASS VESSELS IN DİYARBAKIR MUSEUM(AIHV Association Internationale pour l'Histoire du Verre International Association for the History of Glass, 2021) Hanar, Elif; Hanar, ElifI have studied 583 glass vessels from Diyarbakır Museum Glassware Collection. Nearly all of these glass vessels which have a great variety of forms are in good conditions and have been well preserved so far. According to the scientific researches, it was found out that the glass vessels in Diyarbakir Museum’s glass collection were generally produced between 6th century B.C and 13th century A.D. It was investigated whether the glass vessels having rich forms of diversity were the production of a centre in the region and incase of the existence of such a centre, it was investigated by which production centres it was affected. In addition, it was aimed to find new information about glass trade of Diyarbakır province located in the crossroads of trade routes of antique period. The vessels at issue were classified under the headings of oinochoe, aryballos, alabastron, amphoriskos, unguanteria, bottles, bowls, plates, cups, candles, spreaders, jar, glass and amulets and were evaluated individually. With regard to technique, the glass vessels concerned were produced with core formed technique, rod formed technique, free blowing technique and mould blowing technique and were decorated with different decoration techniques such as feather, upsetting and pinching. The vessels which will be mentioned in this presentaion include seventy four glass vessels which were produced by using mould blown technique. These glass vessels include Date-shaped Bottle, Grape Cluster-shaped Bottle, Head-shaped Bottle, Sprinkler, Ribbed Bottle and Hexagonal Bottle with Jewish Symbols. The earliest one of these bottles is Date-shaped Bottle which dates back to 1st century A.D. The latest one of these samples is Hexagonal Bottle with Jewish symbol which dates back to 5th and 6th centuries A.D.Öğe Mould-Blown Glass Vessels in Diyarbakır Museum(2018) Hanar, ElifI have studied 583 glass vessels from Diyarbakır Museum Glassware Collection. Nearly all of these glass vessels which have a great variety of forms are in good conditions and have been well preserved so far. According to the scientific researches, it was found out that the glass vessels in Diyarbakir Museum’s glass collection were generally produced between 6th century B.C and 13th century A.D. It was investigated whether the glass vessels having rich forms of diversity were the production of a centre in the region and incase of the existence of such a centre, it was investigated by which production centres it was affected. In addition, it was aimed to find new information about glass trade of Diyarbakır province located in the crossroads of trade routes of antique period. The vessels at issue were classified under the headings of oinochoe, aryballos, alabastron, amphoriskos, unguanteria, bottles, bowls, plates, cups, candles, spreaders, jar, glass and amulets and were evaluated individually. With regard to technique, the glass vessels concerned were produced with core formed technique, rod formed technique, free blowing technique and mould blowing technique and were decorated with different decoration techniques such as feather, upsetting and pinching. The vessels which will be mentioned in this presentaion include seventy four glass vessels which were produced by using mould blown technique. These glass vessels include Date-shaped Bottle, Grape Cluster-shaped Bottle, Head-shaped Bottle, Sprinkler, Ribbed Bottle and Hexagonal Bottle with Jewish Symbols. The earliest one of these bottles is Date-shaped Bottle which dates back to 1st century A.D. The latest one of these samples is Hexagonal Bottle with Jewish symbol which dates back to 5th and 6th centuries A.D.Öğe Zerzevan Kalesi Cam Buluntuları(Orient Yayınları Orient Press, 2023) Hanar, ElifZerzevan Kalesi; Diyarbakır-Mardin karayolunun 45. km’sinde, Çınar ilçesine 13 km, Demirölçek Köyü’ne 1 km. mesafede, yol seviyesinden 124 m yükseklikte yaklaşık olarak 60 dönümlük bir alanı kaplayan kayalık bir tepe üzerinde bulunur. Kaleyi ekonomik, siyasi, stratejik açıdan her zaman önemini koruyan ve konumu itibariyle bütün vadiye hakim, antik ticaret yolu üzerinde geniş bir alanı kontrol altında tutan bir Roma sınır garnizonu olarak tanımlayabiliriz. Roma Dönemi’nde üfleme tekniğinin keşfi ile beraber, Roma kültürünün hakim olduğu tüm yerleşim alanlarında gündelik kullanıma hitap eden cam malzemelerin üretiminin popüler bir endüstriye dönüştüğü bilinir. Roma’nın doğudaki en uç sınırında bulunan Zerzevan Kalesi, bu endüstrinin bulguların izlendiği önemli bir merkezdir. Zerzevan Kalesi 2014-2020 kazı çalışmaları sırasında, yerleşim alanlarının farklı noktalarında gerek gündelik eşya formları gerekse de aksesuar olarak işlevlendirildiği düşünülen çok sayıda cam materyal ele geçmiştir. Tespiti yapılan bu materyaller unguentarium, kase, kadeh, kandil ve bilezik parçaları şeklindedir. Bu çalışma ile Zerzevan Kalesi 2014-2020 yılı kazı çalışmaları sırasında ortaya çıkarılan cam materyallerin ilk bilimsel verilerine ulaşmak amaçlanmıştır. Zerzevan Kalesi kazı verileri ve yaptığımız kaynak araştırması sırasında tespit edilen paralel örnekler Zerzevan Kalesi cam buluntularını tipolojik ve kronolojik olarak değerlendirmemize yardımcı olmuş, bu buluntuların Roma ve Geç Roma dönemlerinde üretilen cam kap formlarını ve aksesuarlarını içerdiği sonucunu ortaya koymuştur.
