William Montgomery Watt'ın Hz Muhammed algısı
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslâmiyet'in nasıl bir ortamda ortaya çıktığı şarkiyatçıların her zaman ilgi alanı olmuştur. İslâm öncesi Arap Yarımadası ve çevresi birçok çalışmanın konusu olmuş, empatik, indirgemeci, hümanist benzeri birçok yaklaşım tarzı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu isimlerden Montgomery Watt, çoğu yaklaşımın aksine İslâm'a bilimsel bir metotla yaklaşmaya çalışmıştır. Eserlerinin en önemli özelliği İslâm'ın öz kaynaklarını temel referans almasıdır. W. Montgomery Watt Hz. Peygamber hakkında daha nesnel değerlendirme yapmış, Hz. Peygamber'in hayatı ile ilgili üç eser ortaya koymuştur. Watt'ın siyere yaklaşım tarzı, olayları ele alış tarzı, okuma ve değerlendirme biçimi ve özgün fikirleri üzerinde bir tahlili ve tartışmanın ortaya konacağı bu çalışmada Watt'ın İslâm'a dair yazdığı tüm çalışmalar kaynaklık teşkil etmektedir. "Peygamber ve Devlet Adamı Hazreti Muhammed" adlı kitap kendi ifadesiyle Hz. Muhammed Mekke'de ve Hz. Muhammed Medine'de kitaplarının özetidir. Watt'ın Hz. Peygamber'in hayatını konu edinirken nasıl bir metot takip ettiği, meseleleri hangi perspektiften değerlendirdiği ve kendi yorumlamalarının konu edinildiği bu çalışmada yazarın olayların görünür taraflarından başka arka plânda nelerin meydana geldiğiyle de ilgilendiği açıkça görülmektedir. Mesela, Müslümanların davranışlarının sadece dinî bir gerekçeden ziyade dünyevî bir amaç da taşıdığını ifade etmiştir. Watt'a göre; Hicret ve Habeşistan'a gidişte sadece dini sebepler değil ekonomik sebepler de belirleyicidir. Bu bakımdan Watt'ın eserlerinin sosyolojik açıdan alan yazınına katkısı meselelere sebepler bağlamında değerlendirme yaptığında hadiseleri daha çok bireysel ve sosyal ihtiyaçlar çerçevesinde değerlendirmesidir.
The environment in which Islam emerged has always been an area of interest for orientalists. The pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula and its surroundings have been the subject of many studies, and many empathic, reductionist, humanist-like approaches have emerged. Montgomery Watt, one of these names, tried to approach Islam with a scientific method, unlike most approaches. The most important feature of his works is that he takes the own resources of Islam as a basic reference. W. Montgomery Watt Hz. He made a more objective evaluation about the Prophet, Hz. He produced three works about the life of the Prophet. In this study, which will present an analysis and discussion on Watt's approach to the Sirah, his way of dealing with events, his way of reading and evaluating, and his original ideas, all the studies Watt wrote on Islam constitute the source. The book "Prophet and statesman Prophet Muhammad" is the summary of the books of Prophet Muhammad in Mecca and Prophet Muhammad in Medina, with his own words. Watt's Hz. In this study, in which the method the Prophet followed, from which perspective he evaluated the issues and his own interpretations, it is clearly seen that the author was also interested in what happened in the background, apart from the visible aspects of the events. For example, it reveals that the behavior of Muslims has a worldly purpose rather than just a religious reason. According to Watt; Not only religious reasons but also economic reasons are decisive in the migration and departure to Abyssinia. In this respect, the contribution of Watt's works to the literature from a sociological point of view is that when he evaluates the issues in the context of reasons, he evaluates the events within the framework of individual and social needs.
The environment in which Islam emerged has always been an area of interest for orientalists. The pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula and its surroundings have been the subject of many studies, and many empathic, reductionist, humanist-like approaches have emerged. Montgomery Watt, one of these names, tried to approach Islam with a scientific method, unlike most approaches. The most important feature of his works is that he takes the own resources of Islam as a basic reference. W. Montgomery Watt Hz. He made a more objective evaluation about the Prophet, Hz. He produced three works about the life of the Prophet. In this study, which will present an analysis and discussion on Watt's approach to the Sirah, his way of dealing with events, his way of reading and evaluating, and his original ideas, all the studies Watt wrote on Islam constitute the source. The book "Prophet and statesman Prophet Muhammad" is the summary of the books of Prophet Muhammad in Mecca and Prophet Muhammad in Medina, with his own words. Watt's Hz. In this study, in which the method the Prophet followed, from which perspective he evaluated the issues and his own interpretations, it is clearly seen that the author was also interested in what happened in the background, apart from the visible aspects of the events. For example, it reveals that the behavior of Muslims has a worldly purpose rather than just a religious reason. According to Watt; Not only religious reasons but also economic reasons are decisive in the migration and departure to Abyssinia. In this respect, the contribution of Watt's works to the literature from a sociological point of view is that when he evaluates the issues in the context of reasons, he evaluates the events within the framework of individual and social needs.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History, İslam tarihi, Islamic history
