CUMHURİYET TAŞRASINDA GELENEKSEL ÜZERİNE MODERN ŞEHİRLEŞME MARDİN ÖRNEĞİ
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Dosyalar
Tarih
28.12.2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Türk Tarih Kurumu
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışmada; geleneksel şehir dokusunu Cumhuriyet’e kadar koruyabilmiş Türkiye’nin taşrasındaki Mardin’in, Cumhuriyet ile beraber günümüze kadarki değişimi ve gelecekteki gösterebileceği gelişimi incelenmiştir. Mardin’in kentsel dokusuna müdahaleler; Osmanlıların son döneminde “1. Caddenin” genişletilmesi ile başlar. Cumhuriyet döneminde ise “yeni ve modern olan güzeldir” görüşünün hâkim olmasıyla ile birlikte betonarme yapılar kentsel dokunun içinde yer almaya başlamıştır. 1950’lerden 1980’lere kadar Mardin; sur içi bölgesinden güneydoğu yönüne, dışa doğru Savurkapı Mahallesi'nden Nusaybin İlçesi yoluna taşmıştır. Bu taşma, ilk olarak kamu yapılarının inşa edilmesi ile başlar. Böylece kentsel sit alanı dışına ilk planlı büyüme, kamu yapılarının yardımı ile şehrin güneydoğusuna doğru olur. Topoğrafik açıdan gelişmeye pek müsait olmayan bu alan, 1980’den sonra şehrin büyümesini yavaşlatır. Bunda, gene kamu teşviki ile "Yenişehir" olarak adlandırılan şehrin kuzeybatı bölgesinin imara açılmasının etkisi olur. Aynı anda şehrin ovadaki yerleşimi; adını içinde bulunan tren istasyonundan alan "İstasyon Mahallesi" de oluşmaya başlamıştır. 1990’larla beraber Yenişehir’de sivil kooperatiflerle bariz şekilde mahalleler oluşmaya başlar. 2000’lerden günümüze kadar ise bu alan, aşırı yoğunluktan ötürü içinden çıkılamaz bir hal alır.
The study analyzes evolution of Mardin city, in the countryside of Turkey and had conserved its traditional urban structure until the establishment of Republic of Turkey, from that time to the present and examines the possible development of the city in the future. Interventions in the urban fabric of Mardin begins with the widening of the “1. Street” in the late Ottoman period (19th century). Along with the Republic of Turkey period, domination of the point view “the new and modern is good” led the concrete buildings in the traditional fabric. From 1950s to 1980s, the new structuring has developed to southeast side of citadel (from Savurkapı neighborhood to Nusaybin town district). This development has started with public buildings construction. Therefore, the initial planned structures have stood in southeast of the city thanks to the public buildings. This area, which is not suitable for the structures due to its topography, has slow down the growth of the city after the 1980s. Meanwhile, the northwest side of the city called "Yenisehir", which has been built up area thanks to the municipal encouragement, has an impact of the slow development of the city. At the same time, the plain settlement of the Mardin has named as "Istasyon Town" because of the train station, has started to form. Along with the 1990s, the neighborhoods in Yenisehir have formed via civil cooperative society. From 2000s to present, zoning in Yenisehir has been inextricable owing to hyperactive construction.
The study analyzes evolution of Mardin city, in the countryside of Turkey and had conserved its traditional urban structure until the establishment of Republic of Turkey, from that time to the present and examines the possible development of the city in the future. Interventions in the urban fabric of Mardin begins with the widening of the “1. Street” in the late Ottoman period (19th century). Along with the Republic of Turkey period, domination of the point view “the new and modern is good” led the concrete buildings in the traditional fabric. From 1950s to 1980s, the new structuring has developed to southeast side of citadel (from Savurkapı neighborhood to Nusaybin town district). This development has started with public buildings construction. Therefore, the initial planned structures have stood in southeast of the city thanks to the public buildings. This area, which is not suitable for the structures due to its topography, has slow down the growth of the city after the 1980s. Meanwhile, the northwest side of the city called "Yenisehir", which has been built up area thanks to the municipal encouragement, has an impact of the slow development of the city. At the same time, the plain settlement of the Mardin has named as "Istasyon Town" because of the train station, has started to form. Along with the 1990s, the neighborhoods in Yenisehir have formed via civil cooperative society. From 2000s to present, zoning in Yenisehir has been inextricable owing to hyperactive construction.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
mardin, cumhuriyet, şehircilik, 20.yüzyıl
Kaynak
Uluslararası Medeniyet, Şehir ve Mimari Sempozyumu Bildiriler
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Çağlayan, M. 2022. Cumhuriyet Taşrasında Geleneksel Üzerine Modern Şehirleşme Mardin Örneği. Uluslararası Medeniyet, Şehir ve Mimari Sempozyumu Bildiriler, ss.635-653, İstanbul, Türk Tarih Kurumu.
