Ömer b. Abdülazîz'in mektuplarında yönetimin fikrî temelleri
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslâm tarihinde Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn döneminden sonra yarım asırdan fazla bir süre yönetimde ciddi değişimler oldu. Yönetim, şûra sisteminden veraset sistemine dönüşmüştü. Devlet ve halk arasında ciddi problemler oluştu. Devlete muhalif birçok siyasî, dinî ve sosyal gruportaya çıktı. Bu çalkantılı dönemden sonra İslâm tarihinde beşincihalife olarakda bilinen Ömer b. Abdülazîz,devlet başkanı olarak seçildi. Yaklaşık iki buçuk yıl süren (717-720)bu dönem, erken dönem İslâm tarihinde toplum ve devlet düzeyinde ahlaki, sosyal, siyasî, askeri ve ekonomi alanında köklü değişimlerin gerçekleştiği önemli bir dönem olmuştur. Ömer b.Abdülazîz'in başlattığı bu çok yönlü hareket, İslâm medeniyet tarihinde ilk tecdit, ıslah ve ihya hareketi olarak bilinir.Bu çalışmada,Ömer b. Abdülazîz'in yaklaşık iki buçuk yıla yakın bir zaman diliminde ve geniş bir coğrafyada hayatın birçok alanında gerçekleştirdiği devrim niteliğindeki bu değişimi devletin önemli resmî belgeleri hükmündeki mektupları vasıtasıyla incelenmeye çalışıldı. Bu mektuplar, Ömer b. Abdülazîz'in medeniyet tasavvurunu, yönetim anlayışını açıkça yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ömer b. Abdülazîz'in valilere, âmillere, komutanlara, âlimlere ve muhalif gruplara göndermiş olduğu mektuplar, İslâm tarihi kaynakları taranarak tespit edildi. Bu mektupların incelenmesi sonucunda Ömer b. Abdülazîz'in siyasî, idarî, ekonomik, askerî ve toplumsal yönetiminin fikrî temellerini oluşturan temel düşünce, değer ve ilkeler tespit edilmeye çalışıldı. Bu mektuplarda; akîde(tevhid), emanet, ehliyet, adalet, özgürlük, şûra, merhamet, eşitlik, güvenlik, yenilik, ıslah ve vasat olma gibi daha birçok düşünce, değer ve ilkeler tespitedildi. Ömer b. Abdülazîz, kendi medeniyet tasavvurunu oluşturan bu temel düşünceleri bir medeniyet projesine dönüştürdü.
In the history of Islam, serious changes took place in the administration for more than half a century after the period of Hulefa-yi Raşidin. The administration had changed from the shura system to the succession system. There were serious problems between the state and the people. Many political, religious and social groups opposed to the state emerged. After this turbulent period, Ömer b. Abdulaziz was elected as the head of state. This period, which lasted for about two and a half years (717-720), was an important period in the early Islamic history in which fundamental changes took place in moral, social, political, military and economic fields at the level of society and the state. This multi-faceted movement, initiated by Ömer b.Abdulaziz, is known as the first revival, reformation and revival movement in the history of Islamic civilization. In this study, Ömer b. This revolutionary change that Abdulaziz made in many areas of life in a wide geography in a period of about two and a half years was tried to be examined through his letters, which are the important official documents of the state. These letters were written by Umar b. It clearly reflects Abdülaziz's conception of civilization and his understanding of management. In this study, Umar b. The letters that Abdulaziz sent to governors, agents, commanders, scholars and opposition groups were identified by scanning Islamic historical sources. As a result of the examination of these letters, Umar b. The main ideas, values and principles that formed the intellectual foundations of Abdulaziz's political, administrative, economic, military and social management were tried to be determined. In these letters; Many other ideas, values and principles such as creed (tawhid), trust, competence, justice, freedom, council, mercy, equality, security, innovation, improvement and mediocrity were determined. Umar b. Abdulaziz transformed these basic ideas, which formed his own conception of civilization, into a civilization project.
In the history of Islam, serious changes took place in the administration for more than half a century after the period of Hulefa-yi Raşidin. The administration had changed from the shura system to the succession system. There were serious problems between the state and the people. Many political, religious and social groups opposed to the state emerged. After this turbulent period, Ömer b. Abdulaziz was elected as the head of state. This period, which lasted for about two and a half years (717-720), was an important period in the early Islamic history in which fundamental changes took place in moral, social, political, military and economic fields at the level of society and the state. This multi-faceted movement, initiated by Ömer b.Abdulaziz, is known as the first revival, reformation and revival movement in the history of Islamic civilization. In this study, Ömer b. This revolutionary change that Abdulaziz made in many areas of life in a wide geography in a period of about two and a half years was tried to be examined through his letters, which are the important official documents of the state. These letters were written by Umar b. It clearly reflects Abdülaziz's conception of civilization and his understanding of management. In this study, Umar b. The letters that Abdulaziz sent to governors, agents, commanders, scholars and opposition groups were identified by scanning Islamic historical sources. As a result of the examination of these letters, Umar b. The main ideas, values and principles that formed the intellectual foundations of Abdulaziz's political, administrative, economic, military and social management were tried to be determined. In these letters; Many other ideas, values and principles such as creed (tawhid), trust, competence, justice, freedom, council, mercy, equality, security, innovation, improvement and mediocrity were determined. Umar b. Abdulaziz transformed these basic ideas, which formed his own conception of civilization, into a civilization project.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion
